CASTNIA. By Dr. E. Strand. 
15 
black band from the costal margin to the anal angle; margin black with a few small white spots at the anal 
angle. Body black, antennae black with yellow tips, sides of abdomen light yellow. Expanse 121 mm. — Ecua¬ 
dor, Amazonas. 
C. Smaller .1 cram-like insect, with the ground-colour of both wings reddish, veins and marginal band of hindwing 
deep black; on the forewing a pale yellow subapical band. 
C. acraeoides G. R. Gray (= actinophorus Roll.) (8 a) occurs in Brazil, measures 60 to 70 mm in expanse acraeoides. 
and in the black marginal band of the hindwing bears a row of whitish dot-like spots which are bordered by the 
band at least posteriorly and laterally, while in nervosa form. nov. they are placed before the band, which is nervosa. 
only half as broad; this form, of which I have before me two $9 specimens from Sao Paulo, both without ab¬ 
domen, is moreover distinguished by the rather larger size (up to 74 mm.), the black veins more sharply marked, 
especially beneath, light ground-colour with a fairly distinct bluish green sheen. — Grunberg described 
the metamorphosis in Deutsche Entom. Zeits., 1909, pp. 127 to 130. 
D. Forewing black, with yellow, red or brown markings, without a complete row of yellow submarginal spots, in 
the hindwing the afore-mentioned light colours usually predominate and the black forms the markings. 
C. pellonia Druce (8 b), from the Upper Amazon, measures 85 mm in expanse, has the hindwing black, pellonia. 
with orange yellow markings only in the costal area, sometimes also with yellow submarginal spots; in the 
forewing the reddish yellow colour forms a transverse band not reaching the margin and enclosing a black round 
spot anteriorly, a narrow submedian band and a similar one at the inner margin. -— songata form. nov. (8 b) songaia. 
is distinguished especially by the absence of the black spot in the transverse band of the forewing. Bio Songo 
to Rio Suapi, Bolivia, 1100 m., in March (Tring Museum). 
€. tarapotensis Preiss inhabits Eastern Peru; the black areas are dull, rather brownish, the light larupoten- 
ones greyish yellow in the forewing, forming an angulate band reaching from the base to the anal angle and two sis. 
or three transverse bands in the costal area; on the hindwing an orange yellow straight band 6 or 7 mm. 
broad extends from the inner margin to the costal margin near the apex, and a row of light yellow angular 
submarginal spots is present. 
C. melanolimbata nom. nov. (= buckleyi Preiss nec Druce) (8 a) is most easily distinguished from melanolim- 
tarayotensis by the underside of the forewing, which in the proximal two-thirds of its length is light-co- imta. 
loured, with the exception of a narrow band at the costal margin, a longitudinal streak and a transverse 
spot in the cell, as well as a large round spot outside the cell, which markings are black. — The form from 
Peru figured by Preiss as buckleyi differs from true buckleyi, described from Ecuador, in the absence of the 
light sublimbal spots in both wings, and in other respects also the markings of the two forms are not identical 
(cf. the original figure of buckleyi in Proc. Zool Soc. London, 1882, t. 60, f. 3, with Preiss’s plate V, fig. 2 and 
VII fig. 10). I have therefore given a new name to the species described by Preiss (having examined Preiss’s 
type!). 
C. ecuadoria Ww. (6e) (= ecuadorina on our plate) is so well characterised by the markings of both ecuadoria. 
the thorax and the wings that it is not easily mistaken. — Ecuador. 
C. simulatis Bsd. (7 b), from Colombia, is distinguished i. a. by the straight and sharply marked simulans. 
transverse band of the apical half of the forewing. 
C. personata Wkr. , from Guyaquil, has the forewing dark yellow with black markings; the apex is per sonata. 
broadly black, in the costal area a black, rather oblique, transverse spot which originates shortly before the middle 
of the forewing, from outside the middle of this margin an oblique band stretches to the centre and is followed 
by four more distinct yellow longitudinal spots. Hindwing in the middle lighter than the forewing, the costal 
margin, a median band and the distal margin black. The latter with four white spots. Expanse 36 mm. -— Ac¬ 
cording to Westwood closely allied to simulans. 
C. cononia Westw. (8 b), from Ecuador, is closely allied to ecuadoria, but the discocellular veins 8 and cononia. 
9 are further apart. Moreover, the forewing has a postmedian transverse row of white spots, the red colour 
of these wings is separated into spots, and the black spots of the hindwing sharply are marked. 
E. Like D, but on the forewing there is a row of yellow submarginal spots, occasionally confluent. 
C. buckleyi Druce, from Ecuador, is similar to melanolimbata, but easily distinguished by the presence buckleyi. 
of light sublimbal spots in both wings (cf. species mentioned above). The hindwing only has a black shadow 
in the anal angle, and the black spot at the apex of the cell of the forewing is much smaller than in melanolimbata. 
C. mars Druce, from Ecuador, occurs at the Upper Amazon (Pebas) in a form figured by Preiss (whose mars. 
excellent figure we reproduce here) under the name of mars, which is distinct from true mars, and which I name 
amazonica (7 b). True mars differs from this amazonica in the black median oblique band of the hind¬ 
wing being shorter and narrower and consequently much narrower than the red patch lying on its inner side; 
the black marginal band of the hindwing also is narrower, the black submedian costal transverse band of the 
forewing is shorter and the black longitudinal bands of this wing narrower than in amazonica. amazonica. 
C. melessus Druce (7 a), from the Upper Amazon, is distinguished i. a. by the large, sometimes confluent melessus. 
sublimbal spots of the fore wing *). 
*) This figure also, liks many others, is taken from PREISS’s work on Castniidae, the figures of which, some of 
them coloured, are excellent reproductions. 
