8 
CASTNIA. By Dr. E. Strand. 
Centr. Amer., Het. 1, p. 25). I fail to find the white discal spot on the specimens of cacica before me which 
the species should have according to the original figure copied on plate 1. The number of red sublimbal spots 
proccra. on the hindwing is five in the typical form, but some specimens before me have only four (fa. procera Bsd.) 
bivittifera. and sometimes they may be merged together to form a band (ab. bivlttifera ab. nov.). The width of the red band 
macula, on the hindwing is also rather variable, and sometimes this is partly separated into spots (ab. macula ab. nov.). 
In contradistinction to our figure the specimens of papilionaris before me have the forewing and hind¬ 
wing about equally dark, the light discal spot on the forewing being smaller. 
hodeei. C. hodeei Oberth. (1 c), from Colombia, is most easily distinguished from cacica by the different colour 
and shape of the band of the hindwing. 
C. Porewing with light, straight, median, transverse band between anal angle and middle of costa, with or without 
whitish subapical spots; hindwing with broad, white, transverse band, narrowed or interrupted anteriorly, with or without 
light submarginal spots. 
atymnius. C. atymnius Dalm. (= spixi Perty) (2 b), widely distributed in South and Central America, varies 
considerably, and its $ is sometimes very like the following species (C. humbolclti ); the latter, however, always 
differs in having the apical half of the hindwing red. The differ from the figured especially in the pre- 
defasciata. sence of light subapical spots similar to those of humboldti. •— In fa. defasciata $ form. nov. the band of the 
feminis. forewing, which is usually white, is only slightly indicated by a greyish shadow. In fa. feminis tf-form. nov., 
there are light subapical spots on the forewing like those of the but smaller and less sharply marked (1 $ 
^rom Bahia); the white band on the hindwing of this specimen is remarkably broad anteriorly (5 to 6 mm). 
salasia. — In salasia Bsd., from Mexico, the fringes are said to be uniformly black. 
humboldti. C. humboldti Bsd. (1 c), from Colombia and Central America, is altogether larger than atymnius-, 
Ido not agree with Boisduval, who states that the wings are more pointed apically than in the preceding spe- 
rufolimba. cies. In the <$ the light subapical spots of the $ seem always to be at least faintly indicated. -— In rufolimba 
form. nov. (1 c) the subapical spots on the upper side of the forewing are smaller and further distant from the 
transverse band, on the underside of the hind wing the white transverse band is much narrower (always?) 
brunneata. than above. — brunneata form. nov. (1 c) has both wings reddish brown above. 
futilis. C. futilis Wkr. is a somewhat questionable species from Central America, which seems to differ from 
humboldti in the slightly inferior size and lighter, more reddish or brownish, colour above and below; the 
moreover, has the subapical spots of the forewing quite diffuse (differing therein as well as in its somewhat 
smaller size from the very similar form brunneata Strand of C. humboldti. — The specimen figured by Druce 
in Biol. Centr. Amer. Het. tab. 4, f. 5 as futilis I should consider a^of humboldti-, but Schaus in 1911 describes 
drucei. this form as a new species under the name of drucei, stating the type of futilis to be a form of atymnius. 
licus. C. licus Drury (= aurantiaco-maculatus and plumbeocoerulescens Goeze) (2 a) is widely distributed 
licoides. in South and Central America, and is very variable. — The forms licoides Bsd. (2 a) and licoidella form. nov. 
licoidella. (2 b) are most easily distinguished by the different markings on the forewing; pauperata form. nov. is other- 
pauperata. w - ge pp e licoidella, but has only two distinct reddish yellow spots on the hindwing (in cellules 2 and 3) (1 ^ 
from Surinam). — The larva feeds in sugar-cane and is very destructive (cf. Marlatt in: Bull. U. S. Dep. Agric. 
No. 54 (1905), p. 71 to 75, t. 4). 
D. Forewing as in group B, hindwing with white median and red marginal area spotted with black. 
dalmanni. C. dalmanni (recte: dalmani) G. R. Gray (= grayi B.sd.) (2 c) occurs in Brazil and is distinguishe'd i. a. 
by the pointed forewing and its straight distal margin. 
E. Forewing with two white straight transverse bands ahnost vertical to costal margin and with a light subapical 
marking; hind wing with red and black markings. 
- icarus . C. icarus Cr. (2d) is widely distributed in Brazil and Guiana; whether this is the case also in Central 
invaria. America still requires confirmation. — invaria Wkr. differs in the discal spots of the hinclwing being almost 
obliterated. Brazil. 
penelope. C. perselope Schauf. “Very similar to icarus in colour and markings, but the upperside altogether 
paler, the marking of the hindwing brown instead of black, the outer transverse band of the forewing and the 
white spots of the hindwing almost obsolete; on the underside the three bands of the forewing well developed; 
otherwise opalescent like icarus, of which it is perhaps only a variety”. Lat.: 78 mm. Brazil. 
F. Forewing with one or two yellowish transverse bauds about vertical in position, with or without subapical spots; 
hindwing red and black, with or without yellow markings. 
evalthe. C„ evalthe F. {— dardanus Cr.), from South and Central America, occurs in two forms. I consider the 
evalthoides. principal form the one figured in Donovan’s Ins. India t. 22, which differs from the form evalthoides form. nov. 
(3 a) in the bands of the forewing being brighter yellow and both much narrowed posteriorly. 
