314 HYPHANTRIA; ARACHNIS. By Dr. A. Seitz. 
phasma. E. pliasma Harv. Like the preceding in size, shape and colouring, but the dark bands are complete, 
tlie posterior band extending from before the apex to beyond the middle of the proximal margin, and is connected 
with the basal one and with the middle of the distal margin by a horizontal branch running on the median. 
Texas; rare. 
11 Genus: Hypliaiitria Harr. 
These butterflies number among the best known noxious insects of North America. They are small 
insects, coloured or marked white, with entirely stunted proboscis and palpi. The 2nd subcostal vein of the 
forewing is petioled with the 3rd to 5th: the cell of the forewing long, the discocellular angled. 5 species are 
known, all from North America. 
cunea. H. cunea Drury (= budea Hbn., punctatissima 8m. & Abb., mutans Wkr.) (40 a) is white, sometimes 
slightly sooty grey, the forewing with 4 to 7 rows of black dots, the hindwing with few small dots. Across 
punctata, the abdomen a chain of dorsal dots. — In punctata Fitch the spots of the forewing have disappeared except 
pallida. I or 2 at the cell-end and as many before the apex. — pallida Pack. (40 a) has on the wing small yellowish-grey 
spots instead of the black dots, and the row of dots on the abdomen is present. — sufjusa and brunnea Streck. 
Candida. a re likewise denominations for brownish, instead of black, spotting. — - In Candida Wkr. there are small black 
dots only yet on the abdomen. — Larva across the dorsum blackish-brown, sides whitish-yellow with fine 
dark dots and small streaks, on the tubercles tufts of white hair. Particularly on mulberry, poplar, willow, 
and wild cherry; but generally on most various deciduous trees on which their large, conjoint nests are seen 
hanging causing very much harm in gardens, alleys and nursery-gardens. Pupa blackish-brown. — In the 
Atlantic parts of the United States, most anywhere from New York to the south as far as Texas; in the 
north of its range (e. g. in Massachusetts) only one generation, imagines in June, larva in August and 
September. In the south (Baltimore, Washington) the imago appears in May and again from the middle of 
July, larva in June and September; really great harm is only done by the autumnal generation, the larvae 
of which are said to be of a darker colour than the June specimens (Riley). The eggs, being at first yellow, 
later on leaden-grey, are deposited in clusters, one $ often producing up to 500. Particularly great enemies 
are owlets (Scops asio), and Prionidus cristatus, which sucks the larvae. 
tc.vfor. H. textor Harr. (40 a) looks exactly like a purely white specimen of cunea with which it is said 
to be identical according to different authors, differs, however, according to Holland, by white antennae and 
the absence of the black dots on the dorsum of the abdomen. 
orizaba. H. Orizaba Drc. (40 a). The forewing is so much covered with blackish-brown spots and clouds, that 
the dark spotting outweighs the white ground-colour; hindwings spotted black, abdomen carmine-pink. Mexico. 
penthetria. H. penthetria Dyar (40 a). Wings quite dark grey, only the veins of the forewing creamy-yellow. 
Mexico. Near Tehuacan, to be reached by rail both from Puebla and from Veracruz, apparently not rare in July. 
aspersa. H. aspersa Grt. (40 a) is somewhat larger than the other species, dark greyish-brown, forewings 
with fine light veins and darker transverse bands. Abdomen vermilion with dark dorsal spots. New Mexico. - 
Grote has established a genus of its own — Alexicles — for this species. 
12. Genus: Araclmis Geyer. 
Clumsy butterflies of medium size, with mostly dull colours, distinctly exhibiting, however, the Arctiid 
character both as imago and larva. Head deeply lowered, scarcely visible from above, without proboscis, palpi 
stunted, the 3rd joint cpiite rudimentary. Antennae in both sexes of a plain bristly shape. On the forewing 
the 2nd subcostal vein approaches the 1st, but does not touch it, so that a closed accessory cell is not formed. 
Thorax very stout, legs short and strong; abdomen towards the end in the $ very much swollen, always glaringly 
coloured. The larvae covered with dense bristly hair, on low plants, particularly Leguminosae. In dilecta, 
Barrett observed a pungent small, as penetrant as that of a wood-bug, though not so offensive. It is produced 
by thoracic secretions and adheres on the fingers for a long time. It is noticed in both sexes. — The 9 species 
of this genus are distributed from the southern parts of the United States to Central America. 
aulara. A. auiaea Geyer (= incarnata Wkr.) (40b). Forewings greyish-brown, costal area and distal half 
with whitish-yellow spots and small bands defined by black, the cell beneath hemochrome. Hindwings on 
both surfaces dark brown with hemochrome bands. — Larva black, with a red dorsal line, the hair in the be¬ 
ginning anteriorly and posteriorly black, those on the middle segments rufous, in the grown-up animal all black, 
on brown tubercles; stigmata white; on low plants. — The red spotting of the butterfly may be greatly reduced. 
From Mexico to Guatemala. Common. 
