850 
PROTOPARCE. By Dr. M. Draudt. 
bossardi. 
incisa. 
andicola. 
prestoni. 
stuarti. 
mandu- 
coides. 
iola-alba. 
brunalba. 
rustica. 
auriflua. 
edged with light brownish; antemedian line indistinctly whitish, the feeble postmedian line notched. Hind¬ 
wing brownish black. Mexico to Southern Brazil. — bossardi Gehlen (91 d) refers to Eastern Mexican specimens 
(Veracruz) in which the ground-colour is of a much brighter cinnamon-reddish tint, with reduced markings 
of a dark cinnamon-brown colour; bind wing whitish yellow with a reddish-brown distal margin and similarly 
scaled veins. Vera Cruz. 
P. incisa Wkr. is very similar to lefeburei, but separated from it by the presence of a strong black 
dorsal line on the abdomen, which is always absent in lefeburei; moreover, the proximal half of the fore wing 
is lighter than the apical half; the black discal streak extends parallel to the veins and thus forms an angle 
with the costal portion. The exterior transverse lines are stronger than in lefeburei. Genital organs different. 
Amazons, Sao Paulo, Matto Grosso, as far as Paraguay. 
P. andicola R. & J. is darker than incisa, the black markings broader and stronger, the black dorsal 
line on the abdomen also broader, but less prominent owing to the darker total colouring. 3 interrupted angled 
transverse lines in the basal half of the forewing, which is lighter than the apical half, and farther towards 
the margin a distinct postdiscal line composed of arches and small double spots; deeper brown beneath. The 
thorns on the 1st joint of the anterior tarsi are shorter than in incisa. On account of the genital differences 
it is better regarded as a distinct species than only a representative of incisa from the Andes. From the Andes 
to Peru and Ecuador. 
P. presfoni Gehlen (91 e) has a marking similar to that of the two preceding species; ground-colour 
monotonously brownish grey without the yellowish colouring and with little white; transverse bands on the 
forewing almost extinct, the interior half of the wing not lighter than the distal one, the blackish-brown 
longitudinal streak in the disc thin and distinct; base of fore wing contrastingly pure white, like the large 
distinctly edged stigma. Hindwing black, costal margin, base and inner margin light yellow. Metathorax with 
white hair-tufts. Abdomen with 3 large yellow lateral spots, ventral rings with 2 white small apical spots each 
without a median line. Amazons (Manicore). We are able to figure the type by the kindness of the author. 
P. stuarti Rothsch. (90 e) is the only species with yellow abdominal spots, but the second segment 
without them. Frons lavender grey, palpi yellowish with a deep black dorsal margin. The light brownish-grey 
forewing is intermixed with yellow scales, with black dentate lines, lighter whitish behind the cell, and two 
white black-edged discal spots at the cell-end. Hindwing darker than fore wing, blackish-grey with 3 postdiscal 
and submarginal black notched transverse bands. Only known from Bolivia. Early stages not described. 
P. manducoides Rothsch. ( = breyeri Kohler) (90 b) is a very conspicuous species, somewhat like rustica. 
Fore wing deep black with 3 broad pinkish whitish bands traversed by black dentate lines, the two distal 
bands of which are connected at the inner margin by a broad whitish longitudinal band, and with a whitish 
stigma. Hindwing white with a blackish-brown marginal band and two narrower transverse bands before it. 
Abdomen black mixed with white, with 3 light yellow lateral spots. Chiquitos (Bolivia); Brazil. 
P. viola-alba Clark (90 d) is a beautiful and very uncommon species, dissimilar to any other species, 
but somewhat allied to manducoides owing to the white colour of the hindwing. Body dark brown above, strewn 
with violet, abdomen with 4 rectangular yellow lateral spots, the 5th segment bears a white lateral spot, under 
surface strewn with white and yellow. Fore wing dark violet above, with 4 irregular dark brown transverse lines 
which are dentate on the veins, and 4 dark brown submarginal spots on the veins; a dark brown oblique apical 
line cuts the 4th transverse line. Hindwing white above, somewhat pink at the inner margin, with a dark brown 
marginal band of 4 mm width, slightly intro-angular on the veins as well as on the inner-marginal fold. Length 
of forewing: 39 mm. According to 1 $ from Matto Grosso, Western Brazil. 
P. brunalba Clark is likewise allied to manducoides. Palpi brown with a white basal joint, head and 
thorax brown, tegulae bordered with black and white, with a yellow line between; abdomen light brown 
above, strewn with white, purer white between the segments, with a brown median line, 5 yellow lateral spots, 
the two distal ones less distinct; under surface white. Fore wing above light brown, strewn with white, the 
trapezoid stigma pure white; median area almost crescentiform, brown, the base 2 cm long at the costal 
margin, somewhat lighter in the centre, extending almost to the inner margin, distally bordered by a white 
line; from the inner margin proceed 4 feeble light brown lines disappearing in the brown area; proximally 
to it, at the inner margin, a white transverse band 3 mm broad, not quite reaching the costal margin; the 
black apical streak is strong and 16 mm long; fringe speckled white between the veins. Hindwing dark brown 
above with a white submarginal band disappearing towards the costal margin; a white spot at the inner mar¬ 
gin extends from the anal angle. Length of forewings: 50 mm. According to 1 G from Cuyaba, Matto Grosso. 
P. rustica F. (= chionanthi Abb. & Sm.) (92 a) is a very common large species, black, more or less 
intermixed with olive yellowish scales, and with 2 broad whitish transverse bands, traversed by black dentate 
lines and filled with a somewhat olive yellow colour, especially the distal one which is darkened towards the 
inner margin and connected with the antemedian one by whitish colouring at the inner margin. Hindwing 
blackish-brown with a whitish postmedian band and anal spots. If the yellow scales turn yellow or golden 
brown and are increased, we have — auriflua Gehlen, a rather common individual form, before us. In the 
whole of America excepting the extreme north and north, from New York to Buenos Aires; Bahamas; Haiti; 
