864 
CALASYMBOLUS. By Dr. M. Draudt. 
cerisyi. 
cistarte. 
oplitlial- 
mica. 
pallidulus. 
nigrescens. 
boreal is. 
saliceti. 
jamai- 
censis. 
geminatus. 
iripartitus. 
gamma. 
flavitincta. 
clarkii. 
excaecata. 
borealis. 
pccosensis. 
neopalae- 
arcticus. 
my ops. 
occidentalis. 
mccrearyi. 
worms- 
bacheri. 
myoastylus. 
S. cerisy Ky. (= geminatus Wkr.) superficially resembles the palaearctic ocellata ; forewing light brown¬ 
ish ash-grey, with a median line sharply angled on 2, a dark brown area behind it in the inner-marginal 
half, continued costally as a shadowy stripe obliquely to the costal margin, 2 feeble and 1 strong undulate 
line behind it, a triangular dark brown anal spot behind the last line; marginal area darkened. Disc of hind¬ 
wing pink, anal eyespot light blue, surrounded and centred with black. The nomenclatural type is distinctly 
marked, the brown postdiscal lunae are more curved than in the other forms: Canada, New England, New 
York, Rhode Island. — astarte Stkr. (= cerysii Sm.) is not always distinctly separable from the type; distal 
margin of forewing somewhat less dentate, the brown marginal area is narrower, the postdiscal lunae are less 
curved. Colorado and States to the west of the Mississippi excepting the Pacific coast. — ophfhahnica Bsd. 
(= vancouverensis Btlr.) (96 c) is generally lighter than astarte, ash-grey; a subordinate form: — pallidulus Edw. 
is more cinnamon reddish-grey. South California to Vancouver. — nigrescens Clark (97 d), from California 
(Mission S. Jose), founded upon 3 couples, is dark olive brown above, the light areas silvery grey; hind¬ 
wing darker, the pink area reduced, the blue ring very narrow and darkened. — borealis Clark is likewise 
a darkened form, blackened on both wings above and beneath, but the pink area very bright. Manitoba. — 
saliceti Bsd. (ophthalmica Bsd.) (96 e) is scarcely different genitally; the blue ring of the hindwing is very 
extensive and bright. Arizona and Mexico. Larva light green with yellowish-white oblique stripes in the sides, 
horn blue with a black point; on willows. 
S. Jamaicensis Dm. (= excaecatus Lintn., myops Btlr. ocellata F.) (97 d) is of a very similar exterior, 
but the anterior tibia is without the apical spine. Antennae much longer pectinated. Smaller on an average, 
median line of forewing not so pointed, but indistinctly twice angled, postdiscal lines less undulated; colour 
and marking, as well as development of the eye-spot very variable. The nomenclatural type has only one 
blue spot in the eye^spot. The normal form: — geminatus Say. (97 c) has 2 blue spots. — tripartitus Grot. (97 d) 
has 3 blue separated small spots. New Foitndland, Canada to Virginia and Arizona; Iowa. Larva light green, 
granulated green or white, with light yellow lateral bands, the last being of a deeper yellow; horn blue; on 
primus and other trees. — gamma CJcll. has pale forewings with a very contrasting dark brown longitudinal 
band below the stigma and a similar angular antemedian band, so that they together form a horizontal 
Y-mark; hindwing not suffused with dark behind the ocellus. Colorado. — flavitincta Nixon is also light on 
forewing, but with yellow hindwings which otherwise belong to the form geminatus. 1 from Baltimore. — 
clarkii Franck is a melanotic aberration from Coney Island. 
23. Genus : Calasymbolus Grt. 
Very near to Smerinthus, separated by a high comb of scales on the head between the antennae and 
differently shaped hindwings which project costally in a rounded lobe. Anterior tibia without an apical spine. 
Type: G. astylus Dm. 
C. excaecata Abb. & Sm. (== pavonina Geyer) (97 d) exactly resembles the preceding species in its exte¬ 
rior, ground-colour browner, ocellus of hindwing not centred. Distal margin of forewing undulated, fringe 
white, brown at the ends of the veins. Common from Canada to Florida, to the west as far as the Mississippi. 
- borealis Clark is a smaller form, much darker, with more contrasting light and dark parts. Cellular stigma 
smaller. Manitoba. — pecosensis Ckll. on the contrary is a much lighter desert-form of the South-Western 
States. Larva green, darker ventrally, with yellowish lateral oblique stripes, the last widened, often with 
red dorsolateral and ventrolateral spots. It lives on many trees and shrubs: Primus, Rosa, Corylus, Carpi- 
nus, Betula etc. — hybr. neopalaearcticus Stfs., from a copulation of ocellata L. $ + excaecata $ is of a very 
bright red-brown colour with ocellata- marking on the forewing. Ocellus of hindwing combined from both the pa¬ 
rents, but somewhat variable, in some species more inclined to the one species, in some to the other spe¬ 
cies. Abdomen with the dorsal line of excaecata. 
€. myops Abb. <£?. Sm. (= rosacearum Bsd., cerasi Bsd., tiliastri Bsd., sorbi Bsd.) (97 b). Distal margin 
of fore wing not undulated; ground-colour bright red-brown, not so contrasting; postdiscal transverse lines 
very undulate, shaded between 6 and 7. Hindwing predominantly reddish yellow, ocellus small. — occidentalis 
Clark is the subspecies from Colorado, much lighter than eastern specimens, light yellowish brown, feebly 
strewn with reddish, the light and dark parts more distinctly contrasting; the blue centre of the ocellus of 
the hindwing is smaller. — mccrearyi Clark, from Manitoba, on the contrary is a much darker form, but also 
with brightly contrasting light and dark areas, dark brown, marked purple in the apical area. Larva similar 
to that of excaecata, but more finely granulated. On Prunus and other Rosaceae. Distributed from Canada 
to Georgia, to the west as far as the Mississippi and Colorado. — hybr. wormsbacheri John originates from 
a cross-breed between myops $ and ocellata $; little different from myops, but hindwing more pink and the 
dark thoracal spot indicated. — hybr. myoastylus John is the result from a cross-breed of myops $ with 
astylus 5; it likewise resembles much the light specimens of myops with a more faded marking; the distal 
margin of the hindwing, however, is not so dark, more light yellow as in astylus. Both the sexes were bred.' 
