868 
GRAMMODIA. By Dr. M. Dratjdt. 
gular light costoapical spot of the forewing. The nomenclatural type from Venezuela to Argentina has the 
omphaleae. darkest, blackish-brown hindwings without any rusty red. — omphaleae Bsd. (= cercyon Burnt., picta Ky., 
piperis Scltauj.) (98 b) has a deep cinnamon-red basal spot on the hindwing. Mexico, Costa Rica, Colombia, 
merianae. Venezuela, Bolivia, Argentina; Jamaica. — merianae (hi. (= janiphae Bsd.) has a much narrower margin of 
the hindwing than the two preceding forms; abdomen beneath spotted black as in the preceding forms. 
impundata. West Indies, Florida, Central America. —• impunctata B. J. is smaller on an average, otherwise si mi lar 
to merianae, but the ventral side is not spotted black and lighter. Venezuela to Argentina (Tucuman). Larva 
very conspicuous, hornless, green with a brownish-white dorsal stripe on the 6 posterior segments, and 4 obli¬ 
que stripes directed posteriorly downwards on the 6th to 9th segments, with large white knob-like swellings 
on the thoracal segments, copying the milk-drops of the food-plant, an Asclepiadea. 
dlo. E. ello L. (98 b, c) is presumably the commonest Sphingid in South America. Forewing grey, the 
B with a black longitudinal stripe from the base of the inner margin towards the apex, the $ without it. 
Abdomen with very strong bands. Larva green or brownish with a light lateral stripe, and with or without 
a brown saddle-spot on the thoracal segments; the horn is merely a tiny knob. It lives on various Euphor- 
biaceae. Found in the whole of America, wandering to the north as far as Canada. 
yucatana. E„ yucatana Drc. (98 c) is larger, with broader wings, of a purer whitish-grey, the <$ more clearly 
marked, the $ with less marking; the longitudinal stripe of ello is interrupted here several times. Hindwing 
without a sharply defined marginal band. Abdomen without bands. Mexico and Costa Rica. 
oenotrus. E. oenotrus Stoll (= hippothoon Burm., melancholica Grt., penaeus F., picta Sepp, piperis Grt. <b Bob., 
stheno Gundl.) (98 c) is also a very common species; blackish-brown, marked grey, $ whitish-grey, marked 
blackish. The border of the black large basal area between the median branches in the B is somewhat concave, 
the marginal band of the hindwing coherent. Abdomen spotted black beneath. Larva green, lighter or brownish 
on the dorsum, with darker dots or spots, on Apocyneae, where it is often found in a Geometrid-like attitude. 
crameri. E. crameri Schs. (= oenotrus Grt., omphaleae Btlr.) (98 c) differs from oenotrus in the lighter meta- 
thorax and spotless ventral side; margin of hindwing more distinctly defined. Larva green or slaty bluish, 
dotted darker, with red spots on the 2nd and 3rd segments, on Apocyneae. Mexico to Paraguay and the 
West Indies. 
obscura. E, obscura F.{ = cinerosa G. <L B., phalaris Ky., rustica Schaller) (98 d) is a small and most variable species, 
different in the sexes, the q showing a dark longitudinal band through the forewing and an oblique subanal 
streak, both of which are absent in the <$, though the two sexes may also become similar. The sexes of the 
nomenclatural type are dissimilar, the q has a darker thoi’ax than the $ an( I exhibits the black longitudinal 
stripe from the base to the apex. Distributed over the whole tropical and subtropical regions of America, 
occasionally to the north as far as Canada. Specimens from Haiti, Cuba and also from the continent with 
rhaebus. a brownish thorax and distinct brown markings on the forewing are: — rhaebus Bsd. In the Tring Museum 
stheno. there is a specimen the habitat of which is not stated and which fits well to — stheno Hbn. The forewing 
is much shorter here, the dark logitudinal band is broadly interrupted in the centre, and the apical part is 
connected with the subanal streak, forming a submarginal band; also slightly different in the genital appa- 
pallida. ratus. According to Clark from the Antilles and Barbados. — pallida Grt., from Jamaica, Cuba, and Haiti, 
are pale specimens with traces of the dark longitudinal band in the 3, the subanal streak being quite ab- 
conformis. sent. — conformis B. & J. is small, the B is also without the dark longitudinal band and has a light grey 
thorax like the $; marginal band of hindwing darker, the row of dots before it very intense. Galapagos Is. 
socor- — socorrensis Clark is still smaller and of a much more monotonous grey colouring and scarcely marked, 
rensis. ^ an d £ almost the same, the longitudinal stripe of the 3 only marked by a fine line. Marginal band of 
hindwing above very narrow, the row of dots before it indistinct. Revilla Gigedo Is., on the western coast 
of Mexico. Larva green or light brown. Thoracal segments thickened and with a fine black dorsal line, with 
black dots on the other segments; on a creeping Asclepiadea (Gonolobus). 
domingonis. E. domingonis Btlr. (= festa Edw., rhaebus Drc.) (98 d) has the same size and colouring of the hind¬ 
wing as obscura, but the forewing of both sexes is brownish-black for the greatest part, grey patches only 
remaining in the centre and subapically at the costal margin, and at the distal margin; the black longitu¬ 
dinal stripe of the J is not prominent owing the to dark ground-colour. From Texas to Paraguay and 
South Brazil, and in the West Indies. Larva unknown. 
guttularis. E. guttularis Wkr. (= pallida Bsd., suillus Bsd.) (98 d) is the smallest of the species, the forewing 
very similar to that of obscura, but the hindwing is only traceably coloured rusty red, and white beneath in 
the proximal part. Genital apparatus very different. Larva unknown. Haiti and Cuba. 
30. Genus: 4xi’»uiiaio«lia B.&J. 
Chiefly distinguished from Erinnyis by the smooth, not undulate-dentate distal margin of the fore wing 
and a very feeble thoracal tuft. Only 1 species. 
