Pull. 2. XI. 1931. 
PHOLUS. By Dr. M. Draudt. 
881 
(= buffaloensis G. da R., floridensis G. da R., pyramus Bsd., uniformis G. da R.) (98 B g) is the more common 
spring-form showing the marginal band not inwardly dentate; it flies, however, also in summer. — fuscicaudis Wkr. fuscicaudis. 
is another form in which all the segments, beginning from the 4th, are dark chestnut-red, almost black; these 
forms are connected with each other by all kinds of transitions exhibiting lateral olive green spots on the Gth 
and 7th segments. Margin of forewing dentate inside, fuscicaudis is a more southern form, the usual summer- 
form of the Southern States, which does not go as far as New England in the north. — Larva green with a dark 
dorsal line bordered with white, and yellowish subdorsal lines; ventrum with a sharply defined reddish median 
band. On Viburnum, Symphoricarpus, Prunus, Crataegus, and other shrubs. 
H. gracilis G. da R. (= ruficaudis Wkr.) is a somewhat smaller and very rare species, separated from the gracilis. 
preceding species by the marginal band not being expanded on vein 5; the tiny hyaline spot in the cell-apex is 
not parted by the fold as in thysbe. Hindwing beneath with a yellowish-white spot analwards. Each side of 
pectus with a rusty brown horizontal stripe which is absent in all the other species. Ventrum cinnamon-red 
with yellowish-white central spots. Canada, New England. Larva unknown. 
H. diffinis Bsd. (= fuciformis Abb. da 8m., marginalis Grt.) (98 B g). Body olive, abdomen above more diffinis. 
yellowish ochre, laterally and ventral side black, pectus whitish, legs black. Wings extensively hyaline with 
narrow black margins and a black base; the centre of the anal tuft in the nomenclatural form is of the same 
colour as the thorax and the two last segments. It is the larger summer form the distal margin of which is 
somewhat dentate inwards. — tenuis Grt. (= fumosa Stkr., metathetis Btlr., diffinis Beut .) is the spring form tenuis. 
the distal margin of which is not dentate, and finally — axillaris G. da R. (= grotei Btlr., aethra Stkr.) is an axillaris. 
autumn breed with a very strongly dentate margin. Atlantic States from Texas to Canada, in the north to the 
west as far as the Pacific. — ariadne B. da McD. ( = senta R. da J ., rubens Hanharn) is the smaller more slender ariadne. 
race from Colorado. Legs more grey, not black, with yellow hairs on the tibiae, the margins of the wings more 
reddish enclosing a rusty red apical spot, the inner margin of the hindwing also enclosing a yellowish-grey area. 
4th and 5th abdominal segments not with black bands. — thetis Bsd. (= palpalis Grt.) (98 B g) shows the Gth thctis. 
and 7th abdominal segments light above, generally also the centre of the 5th segment. Hind tibiae with a light 
hair-tuft at the base, or altogether light-haired. — rubens Edw. is the larger summer-form of it with distinctly rubens. 
red-brown margins of the wings. — cynoglossum Edw. has quite black hind tibiae and black 4th and 5th ab- cynoglos- 
dominal segments. The latter 3 forms from the Pacific States, British Columbia to Arizona. — Larva similar sum 
to that of thysbe, but the dorsal line is not bordered on both sides with light but with dark, and the whole dorsal 
part has a brownish tinge. It lives on Symphoricarpus, Lonicera, Apocynum. 
H. senta Stkr. (= brucei French) (98 B g) is very closely allied to the form ariadne of the preceding senta. 
species, but it constantly differs in the entirely grey ventral side and grey legs. Abdomen above somewhat 
more variegated. Colorado and Utah. 
Subfamily: Philampelinae. 
Tribe: Philampelicae. 
50. Genus: Pliolus Him. 
About 20 large Sphingid species with stout bodies, partly very brightly coloured. Proboscis long, palpi 
large, rounded in front. Eyes large, not ciliated, no tuft between them. Antenna with a slender thin terminal 
hook. Posterior edge of the abdominal tergits with conical, very long and strong spines. Anterior hips with a 
strongly developed scent-organ. Larva green or brown with a very much widened 4th segment and oblique 
stripes extending from in front above to behind below, contrary to most of the other Sphingidae. The long horn 
is S-shaped at first and gradually becomes a roundish protuberance in the growing insect. It lives on vine 
and Jussieua. 
Type: Ph. achemon Dru. 
P. anchemolus Or. (= satellitia var. Burm.) (98 C a) is one of the largest species, chocolate brown, in anchemolus. 
the G with a faint pink hue, recognizable by the distinctly creamy white inner margin. The scheme of markings 
is the same in nearly all the species: an oblique dark trapezoid spot above the inner margin before the centre, 
dying away inwards, a triangular dark spot in the centre of the costal margin, obliquely continued to the distal 
margin along vein 3, and a dark preapical spot ending straightly cut off on vein 3. Hindwing greenish yellowish- 
grey with a light reddish anal angle, a black spot above it, and a broad blackish-brown marginal band. Under 
surface more or less brick-coloured reddish. — The gigantic larva is green with greenish-yellow broad oblique 
spots on the 9th to 11th segments, finely bordered with red-brown; small spots of the same colour are on the 
anterior segments. More rarely also in a claret-coloured form. It lives on Ampelopsis and Cissus. Distributed 
from Mexico to Argentina. 
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