Publ . 27 . III . 1935 . NORAPE. By Walter Hopp. 1089 
sacculi on which three parts can be distinguished, i. e. the foot, the ventrum, and a thorn at the 
end. 
N. walkeri Btlr. This species initiates the series of developments; the sacculi are here of the most com¬ 
plicated structure. The most remarkable feature is that they can be freely moved and turned round an axle 
like the balance of a watch. The foot, partly concealed behind the large anellus-shield, is very large and stud¬ 
ded with numerous little spikes. The ventrum is very hairy on the interior sides. The anal part is shaped 
almost like the head of a bird with a very short, strongly chitinized beak corresponding to the thorn in the 
other species. The size of the males differs considerably: length of forewings between 17 and 22 mm. Range: 
from Para to Obidos on the Amazon R., Guiana, Minas Geraes (Uberaba), Itatiaya. 
N. tosca Hopp. This species exhibits the next stage of development of the sacculi: the foot is reduced 
to a stout stump and without spikes. The ventrum is still very hairy though not so densely as in walkeri, the 
dark chitinized anal part of the sacculi is produced into a plump thick thorn, longer than in walkeri, shorter 
than in the following species. A small species: length of forewings about 15 mm. Argentina: Tucuman. 
N. xantholopha minor Hopp. This species shows a further modification of the sacculi. The foot is nar¬ 
rower. The ventrum exhibits but few single hairs, but it has remained less chitinized. The thorn has become 
slender and already similar to the following species. The species is still smaller than tosca. Length of forewings: 
11—13 mm. Hitherto only known from Eastern Peru, Rio Pachitea. — xantholopha xantholopha Dyar (= cor- 
poralis Hopp). Here the saculi are still more modified: the foot is still smaller and more lender, the highly 
arched ventrum is strongly chitinized and without any hair, the thorn is placed quite outside and does not 
project beyond the foremost part of the ventrum. This form is widely distributed in Mexico, Guatemala, 
Panama (but so far not known from Costa Rica), Colombia, Ecuador. — major Hopp differs from the preceding 
form in the thorn of the sacculi projecting far beyond the ventrum. Central Colombia. Larger on an average. 
N. acuta Hopp. Here the ventrum of the sacculi is extended at the end into a sharp point. The species 
is of variable sizes: length of forewings 13—18 mm. Guatemala, Costa Rica, and Panama. 
N. rothschildi Hopp likewise belongs to the walkeri-group, but it has taken a special development. The 
uncus is extremely long, almost semicircularly bent, massive, roundish, projecting far beyond the abdomen, 
with a small, spiked shield at the apex. The sacculi are also very large, spoon-shaped if viewed from the side, 
without a defined foot, with a hairy ventrum the basal part of which is finely dentate, and with a thorn shaped 
similarly to that of walkeri. One of the largest species of Norape\ length of forewings 19—21 mm. Peru and 
Upper Amazons. 
C. Species of an undetermined position. 
N. ovina Sepp. This species which had played an important part among the Megalopygidae in early 
literature, cannot be determined at present. Sepp figures the $ with an expanse of about 45 mm, with striped 
forewings, a blackened costa of the forewing beneath, and yellow ringlets of the abdomen. The larva is yellow 
with black stripes and lives on Panicum plicatum in the surroundings of Paramaribo, Dutch Guiana. The 
pupation takes place underneath the surface of the earth or wrapped up between leaves. $$ bred at the habitat 
might reestablish the species. 
N. discrepans Wall. (Mallotodesma), likewise described according to a $, shows white antennae, a yellow 
vertex, a white abdomen with yellow ringlets, and a yellow' hair-tuft on the dorsum, with white middle and 
hind legs, the forewing beneath with a slightly brownish costa. The habitat is stated to be Brazil. This de¬ 
scription would apply to more than a dozen species. 
N. cretacea Hopp (Repnoa). Likewise a $, a small species with an expanse of 23 mm. Completely 
white, forewing without stripes. Bolivia. This species probably does not belong to the Norape. 
Finally, according to the present elaboration, the females of all the white species of Norape can¬ 
not be determined. In some cases, the slight external differences of the species suffice for the determination 
of the females, if they are yet within the original takings. Thus, for instance, the $$ of zikaniana, albilineata, 
argyrorrhoea, cingulata, vesta, heringi, cathara are rather well discernible by the external marks of the ( cathara 
by their red antennae). The determination of the $$, however, by reason of sure morphological differences, 
i. e. the shape of the genital organs, is reserved to the future. These organs will probably also exhibit consider¬ 
able differences in shape. 
VI 
walkeri. 
tosca. 
xantho¬ 
lopha 
minor. 
xantho¬ 
lopha 
xantho¬ 
lopha. 
major. 
acuta. 
roih- 
schildi. 
ovina. 
discrepans. 
cretacea. 
137 
