SYNANTHEDON. By B. Zukowsky. 
1231 
and beneath. Anal tuft bluish black. Legs bluish black, tibiae yellowish, posterior femora with a yellow band. 
Forewing transparent with bluish black margins and a bluish black cross-vein, strewn with reddish orange at 
the base, under surface faded golden yellow. Hindwing transparent with narrow bluish black margins. 21 to 
28 mm. June. — Thus chiefly separated from americana by the forewing being golden yellow beneath and the 
yellowish brown hind tibiae. Kodiak, Alaska; Europe, North Asia. In Europe the larva lives in the wood of 
birch and alder trees, preferably in the stumps. The web is made between the wood and bark and surrounded 
with oblong splinters of wood. 
S. caternaulti Le Cerf. Face blackish green, opalescent, white before the eyes. Palpi white below, blackish 
bronze above. Antennae purple black, very finely dentate. Collar blackish bronze. Thorax greenish black, 
margins reddish, spotted reddish beneath. Only the two first joints of the abdomen are preserved, they are 
black. Legs black and white. Forewing transparent, margins and veins purple black, the relatively narrow 
distal margin does not exhibit any yellow or reddish cells, but yellow is traceable beneath, the costa and inner 
margin are also dusted with yellow. Hindwing transparent, margins and veins black, fringes of all the wings 
blackish bronze . 24 mm. Guiana, Cayenne. Only 1 known. 
S. tepperi Hy. Edw. (177 e). Head orange above, antennae black. Thorax orange above and beneath. 
Abdomen bluish black above, the 1st and 2nd segments and the anal tuft orange, abdomen beneath quite orange. 
Legs orange and blue. Forewing narrow, metallic blue with a narrow semi-transparent area and a strong cross¬ 
vein, beneath orange at the base. Hindwing transparent with bluish black margins, broadest at the apex. Under 
surface orange at the base. 23 mm. Georgia. Only 1 ^ is known of this excellent species. 
S. texana Hy. Edw. (= wittfeldii Hy. Edw.) (177 f). Head brownish black. Palpi and collar orange. 
Antennae black, brownish below. Thorax black with a narrow orange streak on each side and a posterior trans¬ 
verse streak. Abdomen brownish black with orange rings on the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 7th segments, in the $ only 
on the 2nd, 4th and 6th, those on the 6th and 7th extending all round, the 5th segment orange beneath. Anal 
tuft brownish black, in the <$ orange on each side below. Legs bluish black, spurs and hair-tuft orange. Fore¬ 
wing with a narrow hyaline area, the distal area scaled quite purple black, often strewn with orange, margins 
and cross-vein black. Costa and inner margin beneath orange. The $ is without any orange, but the forewing 
is almost entirely scaled purple black. Hindwing transparent with a very narrow bluish black or purple black 
margin above and beneath. 18—22 mm. Florida Texas. 
S. seminole Bent. (177 f). S : head and antennae brownish black. Palpi and collar in front light orange. 
Thorax brownish black with a narrow orange line on the patagia and a posterior broader termination. Ab¬ 
domen metallic brownish black, the 2nd, 4th and two last segments behind narrowly orange. Anal tuft black, 
orange below in the middle. Middle and posterior femora blackish, tibiae violet with an orange band in the 
middle. Tarsi orange inside, violet outside. Forewing narrow, costal margin brownish black, distal margin 
orange, veins and margin dark, inner margin scaled orange, cross-vein distinctly orange. Hindwing transparent 
with some orange at the upper cell-end. $: similar to the J in the marking of the abdomen and legs, but only 
the 2nd, 4th and last segments orange, the yellow on the forewing broader and stronger, especially the inner- 
marginal area which is bordered by the strong median vein. 15—18 mm. Lake Worth, Florida, February. 
S. marica Beut. (= marcia Dyar) (177 f). Head black, palpi orange. Collar black, orange in front. 
Antennae and thorax black with distinct orange stripes laterally on the patagia, a broad orange transverse 
band on the posterior part, black below with an orange spot on each side. Abdomen brownish black with 
orange bands on the posterior edges of the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 7th segment. Middle and hind femora brownish 
black, tibiae and tarsi orange, the tibiae with a black ring near the end. Anterior coxae and femora inside 
brownish black, outside orange . Anal tuft black above, orange below. Forewing transparent, costal margin 
black, inner margin orange, fringe brown, cross-vein golden orange, distal margin broadly orange with black 
veins, an orange connection from the distal margin along the costal margin as far as the cross-vein. Hindwing 
transparent, costal margin narrowly orange, distal margin and fringe narrowly black. The $ has the forewings 
more broadly framed with orange, so that few hyaline places remain. 25 mm. Florida. 
S. praestans Hy. Edw. (177 f). Head black, with an orange tuft in front. Palpi bright orange. Thorax 
blackish bronze, striped orange on each side, spotted orange below. Femora blackish bronze, tibiae dark orange, 
the posterior ones of the deepest tint, tarsi more yellow. Abdomen blackish bronze, the 4th segment above 
copper-red, narrow copper-red bands on the last two segments. Anal tuft copper-coloured (red), the sides 
bronze. Forewing witli broad blackish bronze margins and cross-vein, inner margin bright fiery red like almost 
the whole distal area so that only a round spot remains transparent, mostly traversed by three dark veins. 
Hindwing transparent, costal margin and part of the basal region bright orange, distal margins blackish bronze. 
Beneath all the scaled places are lighter orange than above. The $ has quite orange forewings except the black 
margins and crossvein; margins and veins of the hindwings likewise orange. 23 mm. Washington. 
S. fragariae Hy. Edw. (= orthocarpi Hy. Edw.) (178 a). S'- head black with a metallic blue reflection, 
palpi red, slightly black outside. Antennae bluish black . Collar red in front. Thorax metallic bronze, patagia 
caternaulti. 
tepperi. 
texana. 
seminole. 
marica. 
praestans. 
fragariae. 
