LYCAENINAE; General Topics. By Dr. A. Seitz. 
823 
white basal area of the forewing, and also the $ of an entirely albinotic character with an extremely reduced 
black distal margin. — eulus Fruhst. Sumbawa, Pura, Adonara, Alor. Near to teos from Sumba. $, however, eulus. 
with a reduced, sharply angled white region of the forewings. Hindwings black-brown, beneath darker than 
in teos. —- florensis Fruhst. Flores. Near to the preceding. The white median area of the forewing is narrower, florensis. 
$ with a divided white median band of the forewing. Under surface considerably darkened. On the forewings 
only slight traces of the intermedian white spot, tell us Fruhst. (141 d) is a pygmean form sent to me from Java, tellus. 
though it probably originates from the Island of Wetter. The differs from the other Micromalayan races 
by the white zone of the forewing being narrowly confined. -— The following vicarious types of the subregion 
of Celebes form a group of their own, being recognizable by the more pointed forewings and the greater varia¬ 
bility of the $$ of which there occur specimens being perhaps separated according to seasons, with an entire 
white area of the forewings, and such exhibiting two isolated spots separated by a black stripe, maximus maximus. 
Holl. (141 c, d). Celebes. Type discovered by Doherty in the south of the island, fa. divisaEYwA.st. is the deviation divisa. 
being more common in the south, which was collected in March at altitudes of up to 1000 m and always 
exhibits isolated maculae of the forewing. — sarus Fruhst. (141 c). East Celebes, Tombugu. Smaller than sarus. 
maximus , with a rounder apex of the forewing. with reduced, sharply defined spots of the forewing. 9 
sometimes with an almost obsolete white spotting. Under surface preponderantly brown, instead of whitish- 
grey, the cucullate band more prominent. The white in the anal angle of the forewing confined, more blurred 
than in maximus. — amphiarus Fruhst. Bangkai. Upper surface similar to that of teos Doh. from Sumba, but amphiarus. 
more intensely brown. Eorewing with a broadly flown out median area which does not appear so distinctly 
defined as in maximus. Under surface lighter than in sarus, with a predominant white in the anal angle of 
the forewing. -— mangolicus Fruhst. Sula-Mangoli, Sula-Besi. $ with a more compact shawl of the forewing mangolicus. 
than maximus. $ similar to maximus dMa. divisa, the spots, however, of a purer white. Under surface more 
uniform and more fadedly grey than in maximus. — catoleucus Fruhst. (141 c). Saleyer. with a much narrower eatoleucus. 
median band of the forewing than maximus. $ often with almost obsolete whitish places. Under surface most 
characteristic by the grey-white ground-colour, so that catoleucus has to be considered as the lightest Gerydus 
known. In March 1896 I found numbers of it in Saleyer. — leos Guer. initiates that group of side-branches teos. 
inhabiting the west of New Guinea and being found also in the Moluccas, leos is extremely common in the 
Island of Buru. Under surface conspicuously light grey with sharply defined, darker grey macular bands. —- 
gardineri Fruhst. is a substituted name for G. boisduvali Btlr.\ a denomination which had already been con- gardineri. 
ferred by Moore. Patria: the Island of Amboina. Examples from there are beneath more sharply marked meronus. 
than the Buru-specimens being somewhat lighter. — meronus Fruhst. Ceram. under surface conspicuous 
for its yellowish-white ground-colour, whereby it much rather approximates the Waigiu-form than leos from 
Buru and particularly Amboina. Cucullate band darker brown. The white area of the forewing more extensive, 
though more faded than in leos. — virtus Fruhst. distinctly differs by the absence of white patches distally virtus. 
to the considerably larger black basal spot of the forewing beneath. <$<$ often with a grey-violet, reflection. 
The white disc of the upper surface of both sexes likewise strangulated, virtus from Batjan and Ternate as 
well as Halmaheira occurs in two temporal forms: a) virtus Fruhst., the generation of the dry period. and 
$$ with a whitish-grey under surface, b) pentheus Fruhst. (141 c), described as an insular race from Halma- pentheus. 
heira, conformably occurs also in Batjan and refers both to the and $ of the Monsoon period with a darkened 
under surface and sometimes entirely blackened upper surface of the forewings of the $$. Semper mentions 
a race allied to virtus from the Sangir-Islands. -— aronicus Fruhst. from the Aru Islands, type in the British aronicus. 
Museum, approximates leos meronus Fruhst. from Ceram, from which, however, it differs by a still lighter 
colouring of the under surface. — nineyanus Fruhst. Dutch New-Guinea (from Niney), captured in November, nineyanus. 
December at an altitude of about 1000 m. Type in the British Museum, $ above with a reduced grey tinge 
of the basal part of the forewing, compared with all the vicarious types, and a more extensive white discal 
area. Under surface of a magnificent chalky white with extremely delicate brown-grey spots and blurred 
patches. — acrisius Fruhst. from Kapaur, South Dutch New Guinea. If we consider examples from the northern acrisius. 
part of Dutch New Guinea, as they rather conformably occur also in the small island of Mansinam in the Dorey 
Bay and in Waigiu, to be typical rex Bsd., specimens from Kapaur must be separated for the dark colouring 
beneath reminding us of the forms of the North Moluccas. — rex Bsd. from Waigiu is an insular race being rex. 
beneath remarkably light, with most sharply defined bands of a beautiful dark grey. The under surface, however, 
does not appear so light as in nineyanus from Dutch New Guinea. 
III. Subfamily: Ijycaeiiiiiae. 
The III. group of the Lycaenidae contains so very numerous and varied shapes, that but few joint 
characteristics are to be stated. Nearly all the members of the Lycaenidae are of a small or medium size, in 
the male nearly always, in the female often above blue, often decorated with a magnificent metallic lustre. 
As we already mentioned in Vol. I (p. 258), the groups of the Lycaeninae, Theclinae etc. have once more been 
branched off into subdivions ( Thestoridi, Kuralidi, Callophagidi), what may be of a theoretical, but no great 
practical importance and what we may also neglect in dealing with the Indo-Australians. In the American 
