ABISARA. By H. Frith storfer. 
784 
broader and lighter. The median bands of the hindwings are much narrower, the black apical spots distinct, 
encircled by broad white ringlets, the black anal dots also appear more strongly developed. The $ is entirely 
different from celebicn, being decorated with very much shorter, purely white submarginal and subapical bands 
of the forewings. The black spots of the hindwings are likewise encircled by white ringlets. The under surface 
differs just the same way as in the and besides, the subanal cordiform markings of juana are more pointed, 
the brown submarginal band, however, is composed of more obtuse — not arrow-shaped — internerval spots. 
mudita. Mindanao. £ length of forewings 24 mm, $ 25 mm, of celebicn from South Celebes 27 mm. - — mudita subsp. 
nov. inhabits Mindoro and differs from juana only by somewhat narrower, though just as oblique, purely white 
cudaca. subapical bands of the forewings. Type in the Coll. Staitdinger in the Berlin Museum. ■— cudaca subsp. nov. 
occurs in Luzon. ££ from there are smaller than juana-A A from Mindanao, and much lighter coloured than 
specimens from the southern Philippines. 
A. kausambioides is an exclusively Macromalayan species the range of which is not yet sufficiently 
known. Martin was inclined to take it to be a mountain-form of kausambi ; this is, however, contested by the 
fact that A. kausambi Fldr. occurs on the Kinabalu even at a considerable height, and that clasping-organs 
exhibit a differentiation being, in case it is constant, quite considerable. above with a brighter violet reflec¬ 
tion than in any form of A. kausambi, dark purple-brown, the black apical spots of the hindwings showing 
through above either not at all or only indistinctly. Under surface with narrower and darker longitudinal 
stripes than in A. kausambi. de Niceville was, as he admitted, not able to distinguish the $ from A. kausambi- §; 
it is, however, easily separated by a more sharply defined, shorter and more oblique apical area of the fore¬ 
wings. The hindwings exhibit, like in the <$, less prominent black costal spots. The under surface with a median 
band being always distally more narrowly defined in grey. The intramedian spots before the tail are never 
of the shape of flames nor linguiform, but pressed together in a kidney-shape, sometimes with a black pupil. 
Clasping-organs throughout more delicate than those of A. echerius, the tip of the uncus bent more sharply, 
the valve without a hook-like point, but rather with a skinny, cylindrical lobe. Penis-canal hardly chitinized, 
kausambioi- very plain, without the antler-shaped ornaments distinguishing A. echerius. ■ — kausambioides Nic. (138 d, 140 c) 
lles ' founded upon specimens from Penang and the Malayan Peninsula, was figured by Distant in the sexes really 
belonging together already in 1883, but treated as A. kausambi. The $ has the purest white of the forewings 
amaga. of all the Abisara of my collection (with the sole exception of A. celebicn juana). — amaga subsp. nov. is a very 
small-sized race of the Island of Banka; A with still more blurred longitudinal stripes of the under surface than 
exhibited in our figure 138 d. $ above approximating the $ of iliaca (138 d), with a still less prominently 
indicated apical diffuse spot. Beneath most characteristic by nearly round, therefore not flamed, intramedian 
spots, being besides filled up with blackish instead of red-brown. Type in the Tring Museum, according to 
paha. specimens found by Dr. Hagen. — paha subsp. nov. lies before me in a large series from the north-eastern 
part of Sumatra. The $ is of a less bright red-brown and the white apical area of the forewings is less dar¬ 
kened. Under surface with a strangulated, more grey than violet longitudinal band. Flying all the year 
iliaca. round. — iliaca Fruhst. (138 d) distinctly exhibits in the $ the difference from A. kausambi niasana FruTist. 
(138 d 2). The total colouring of the upper surface is darker, the white transverse area of the forewings pushed 
back, powdered with dull red-brown. Hindwings without the whitish network round the black spots. A con¬ 
siderably smaller than paha- A A from Sumatra, somewhat paler red-brown. Under surface with lighter grey, 
more prominent longitudinal stripes. § throughout with less white bands than the $ of niasana, and 
distinguished also from the $ of paha by more sharply angled median line of the hindwings. Island of Nias, 
tina. very rare. — - tina Fruhst. excels paha in size. The violet lustre of the upper surface still more magnificent and 
intense than in the other allied races. Ground-colour about between paha and iliaca. $ immediately distinguish¬ 
able from paha and kausambioides by the apical area of the forewings being reduced to a narrow, dull yellowish 
stripe and being distally accompanied by a yellow line traversing the whole wing. cGtype from the surroun¬ 
dings of Sukabumi in West Java, from an altitude of about 600 m, the $ having been collected by myself in 
ter a. tire Zuidergebergde in East Java, from 500 m. — tera Fruhst. from North Borneo is in size inferior to kausam¬ 
bioides and paha. but especially also to tina, although it is above just as dark as the vicarious types from Sumatra 
and Perak. Under surface characterized by a grey submarginal band of the forewings being costally expanded 
in the A- Dr. Martin discovered near Sintang a number of A A and one $ 111 company with Abisara kausambi 
sola Fruhst.. from January to April. Thus it is proved that kausambioides inhabits also the lowlands. 
(' 
Group of species: Archigenes (Fruhst.). 
The costal of the hindwings is more curved than in Abisara and Sospita. The precostal is short, steep, 
without a turned down fine point. The middle discocellular of the hindwing is slightly convex, not straight-lined 
as in Sospita; the subcostal and radials sometimes rise from a common base. The anterior median of the fore- 
wing always terminates in a long-stretched tail. ^ similar to the $$ of Abisara, brightened up, with duller 
bands of the forewings than the AA- Valve very broad with a sharp ventral unciform tip and a broad dorsal 
lamella. Habitat India, Indo-China and Macromalayana. Type: A. aita Nicev. 
