ABISARA. By H. Eruhstoreer. 
783 
Singapore. $ with scarcely half as broad white band of the forewings as in kausambi- The white spot of 
the under surface of the forewing considerably more reduced than even in the Sumatran stasinus. In North 
East and West Sumatra, stasinus Fruhst. (138 e) flies. 3 above of a less bright violet reflection than 33 from stasinus. 
Perak, $ with a more reduced whitish apical spot of the forewings, which is always tinged in yellowish also 
in the lightest specimens. According to Martin, the butterflies are weak flyers, do not rise high above the 
soil and keep their wings half open when at rest, as the Hesperids or also certain Geometrids do. Hagen found 
an allied race in the Isle of Banka, and Snellen mentions another one from Billiton. — niasana Fruhst. (138 d), niasana. 
a considerably modified insular race, with a prominent white apical area of the forewings of the $$. Both 
sexes deviating from stasinus by larger black spots of the hindwings. The median band of the forewing is white, 
the anal spots oblong, more cuneiform. Nias, rare. •— erilda subsp. nov. (138 d) inhabits West Java where I met erilda. 
it from the southern coast up as far as about 600 m. The $9 are a bove light red-brown with whitish, slightly 
reddish-huecl longitudinal bands of the forewings reminding us of Burmese allies. — geza Fruhst. (138 d) is geza. 
the East Javanese areal form of a more intense red-brown colour and with broader and more yellowish stripes 
of the forewings, the 33 being much smaller and of a less intense violet reflection than erilda-33 • Doherty 
discovered an allied race in Bali. -— litavicus Fruhst. (140 b) is in its size inferior to kausambi from Perak. 3 Utavicus. 
on the forewings with a reddish-powdered spot shining through from beneath, $ with a purely white preapical 
zone forming beneath a compact area. Kinabalu (North Borneo). — sala subsp. nov. (140 b) occurs in South sala. 
East Borneo, surpassing litavicus in size and exhibiting on the under surface of the forewings of the two 
white bands separated by a red stripe. The 33 have whitish-tarnished forewings and are superior in size to 
those of litavicus. Dr. Martin collected numbers of this form near Sintang from January till April; .sala is 
presumably distributed all over Borneo being, a lowland-race, for 33 from the lowlands of the Sultanate of 
Brunei greatly approximate those from the west and south-east of the island. -— aja Fruhst. (140 b) replaces aja. 
kausambi in the Island of Palawan. 3 Die most closely allied to litavicus from North Borneo, but without the 
whitish-effused, anterior part of the longitudinal stripes of the under surface of the forewings. $ with the white 
area of the under surface of the forewings extended as far as to the wing-centre, and witli longer subterminal 
intramedian flames, filled up with whitish grey, on the hindwings. 
A. celebica replaces A. echerius and A. kausambi in the subregion of the Philippines and of Celebes, 
a district which, in 1911. I denoted as Chaeturia, according to the genus of birds ,,Chaetui’a“ occurring in both 
the insular groups. The single forms vary greatly in size, according to the insular habitat; in Celebes itself 
it excels, as usually, the other species of this genus, while it is of a smaller size in the islands. The wing-contour 
is more roundish than in A. echerius, the distribution of the longitudinal stripes corresponds more with that 
of A. echerius than of the kausambi- races, being especially prominent in the occasionally of a pure white. 
Under surface brighter than in kausambi, all the light bands more extensive. The black apical spots sometimes 
of an amazing size. Uncus considerably longer, with a neater curve than in echerius, the ventral horns of it 
are coniform, not bent up as in A. echerius and A. kausambioides . Penis-canal considerably longer, more slender, 
but less densely armed with small barbs than in A. echerius, more strongly developed, however, than in A. 
kausambioides. — celebica Rob. (138 c), originally described according to specimens from Tombugo in East celebica. 
Celebes, occurs conformably also in the south of the island where I met a number of $9 from January to March 
up to about 1000 m above the sea-level. $ with yellowish-darkened longitudinal bands of the forewings. — 
bugiana Fruhst. (138 c $ under surface, 140 b upper surface). 3 has beneath the longitudinal stripes of more bugiana. 
intense bluish-white reflection. In the $ the bands of the upper surface of the forewings are white instead of 
yellowish, furthermore, all the aclmarginal and submarginal lines of the hindwings are likewise white. Under 
surface: All the bands and spots are of a milky colour, instead of yellowish. The white median band of the 
hindwings are broadened at the cost of the brown internerval spots. A similar race in the Island of Sangir.— 
saleyra Fruhst. (40 a) is in its size inferior to the two races from Celebes, with a strongly marked satellite island saleyra. 
character. Above darker, of a more intense violet reflection. The stripes are more prominent and especially 
beneath of a still more intense yellow than in celebica. 3 type in Die Coll. Stattdinger. one 3 in the Tring Mu¬ 
seum. -— porphyritica subsp. nov. is an especially much modified race from the Sula Islands where Doherty ; porphyri- 
discovered it. 3 above duller, almost without any blue reflection. Apical spots of the hindwings prominent, 
nearly circular. Under surface chocolate-brown, without a purple tinge. Bands almost like in saleyra, steeper, 
dull brownish-yellow. The intramedian flames of the hindwings encircled by yellowish, instead of white ringlets. 
$ above with united bands of the forewings. The hindwings exhibit more yellorvish bands. Under surface 
of the forewings with a faded shawl. The hindwings with an almost blurred, small, red-brown postmedian 
spot, with widely spread yellowish-brown bands. Sula Besi, flying in October. Type in the Tring Museum. — 
palawana Stgr. It comes next to saleyra in size. Upper surface somewhat paler plum-blue than the races of palawana. 
the neighbouring Celebes. The $ occurs in two forms: a) with extensive parallel bands of the forewings being 
only slightly deepened by yellowish, and besides $$ with almost brownish-yellow bands, pancha form. nov. pancha. 
(140 b). By the angled proximal band of the forewings, moreover, both $-forms form a transition from celebica 
to echerius. In the Philippines there occur several insular forms being partly not yet sufficiently studied, of 
which juana Fruhst. (140 c) may be considered as the most conspicuous form. It is smaller than celebica. On juana. 
the under surface it differs besides by the following marks: the bands of the forewings are more acutely marked, 
