LYCAENOPSIS. By H. Fruhstorfer 
871 
from the satellite islands with a more prominent blac-k spotting on a duller grey ground than in the forms of 
the chief island. — deronda subsp. nov., according to Dr. Chapman’s statements, is above of a still deeper blue 
than Celebes-specimens and does not show any whitish brightening of the forewings; Sula Besi, described accor¬ 
ding to specimens of the Tring Museum. -— rdberi Fruhst. above very closely allied to forma najara Fruhst. 
from the mountains of South Celebes, with the same narrow distal margin of both wings, but a somewhat darker 
blue colouring. Under surface characterized by sharply defined, thin, but complete bands instead of single 
submarginal spots. The submarginal maculae of the forewings are changed into quite fine striae. Gorarn, as 
well as in the Uliassers. -— darmis Fruhst. A highly specialized insular race, characterized by an extremely 
narrow black margin, whereby darmir is immediately discernible from the broadly margined kiihni from Celebes. 
The colouring above on the whole approaches the most that of puspa dammae Her. from Wetter, but the white 
area appears still more insignificant than in the latter. The $ somewhat approximates those of contilia (152 c) 
from Sumbawa, but the black bordering is more extensive. Key Islands. In an allied form also in the Aru Islands. 
In the far east, in New Pomerania, there occurs another representative of the collective species: Pagenstecher 
mentions a number of specimens from Ralum with the following meaningless diagnose: Upper surface sky- 
blue with black margins, under surface greyish-white with black macular bands and dots on the ground, puspa 
Horsf. may be identical with it.“ Pagenstecher’s statements are applicable to nearly all the Lycaenopsis. 
* 
L. argiolus is probably the species most inclined to polymorphism. Chapman has provided us with 
most valuable disclosures about this species, and only by him we obtained a precise knowledge of the range 
of the collective species in its whole extent on the Asiatic continent. Chapman was also the first to ascertain 
that L. argiolus does not pass over to the Malayan Archipelago, whereas Niceville and Snellen presumed 
forms of L. argiolus to occur in Sumatra and Java. In the meantime we have found out that both the authors 
had mixed up L. cardia- races with L. argiolus and L. argiolus coelestina Roll. To the habitats ascertained by 
Chapman we may add as a new habitat the Island of Formosa. — argiolus L. (Vol. I, t. 83 g). Described by 
Linne from ,,Europe” according to specimens smaller than Lycaena argus, which fact is emphasized by its 
author. It is doubtful whether Linne has based his diagnose on Swedish specimens remaining very small. 
We find argiolus from Ireland and Scandinavia through the whole of Europe, and Korb also found it in Algeria. 
Specimens from the Bretagne from April and May are, according to Oberthur, Etudes 1910, p. 340, less dark 
than such of the summer breed. Among the numerous Europeans of my collection the smallest $$ (4th April), 
and at the same time the largest ones (17th July) from the Maritime Alps. In Central Asia there occur local 
forms, such as in the Hi Mountains near Djarkent, -where the 22 exhibit on the hindwing only yet a slight 
blue basal tinge and the black border of the forewing reaches almost the middle of the forewing, being otherwise 
dark blue. — By ladonides de VOrza the Japanese race was at first denoted. In the Japanese Islands there 
occur, however, at least three forms which certainly also change according to the season. First of all, a very 
large one approximating in the $ that of L. huegeli , as it was represented in Vol. I, t. 83 h), another one inhabiting 
perhaps the lowlands and on the whole approaching small specimens of L. coelestina from the Western Himalaya, 
and forma kobei Tutt, perhaps an alpine race with darkened blue and a broader marginal area above. — levetti 
Btlr. inhabits Corea. -—- crimissa Fruhst. $ belonging to a large form, which is hardly inferior to Chinese specimens 
of L. oreas Leech. Upper surface of areas- $, as Leech figures it, distinguished only by a whitish area in the intra¬ 
median region of the forewing and a row of very large spots on the hindwing. The under surface more strongly 
dotted than in specimens from Tsingtau, Canton etc. On the mountains of Formosa, not common. —As caphis 
subsp. nov. a large form is here introduced, the $$ of which appear almost just as broadly margined with black 
as specimens from Djarkent. The blue of the forewing does not exhibit the white patches characteristic of 
Japanese $$, and also the liindwings are more intensely blackened. In the whole of China everywhere very 
common and according to Leech just as variable as European specimens. Specimens before me from Canton and 
Tsingtau are relatively small and form a transition from Japanese to Central Asiatic specimens. The nomen- 
clatural type is based upon large specimens from Omishan and Ningpo. — coelestina Roll. Chiefly confined 
to the Western Himalaya, where it occurs in two forms: coelestina Roll. (Vol. I, t. 83 f)„ strikingly similar to 
European argiolus. Forewings pointed, both sexes relatively small. From Cashmir, Laclak and the north¬ 
western province in my collection. — huegeli Mr. is probably the summer-breed, from higher regions. Magnificent 
specimens from Kulu, Lahid and Bashahr in my collection. The latter already approach areas from West 
China. Doherty observed huegeli in the Kumaon-Himalaya at altitudes between 1200 and 3500 m. — trita 
Swh. resembles the Japanese ladonides. Above sky-blue, beneath cream-coloured, the basal areas of both wings 
suffused with blue. From Mussuri, North West Himalaya. — In sikkima Mr., an interesting local race, the 
specimens, as a rule, remain still smaller than the most insignificant coelestina. Of its two temporal forms that 
of the dry period, with its wings interspersed with white, most strikingly resembles L. cardia dilectus Mr., that 
of the rainy period our European argiolus. — albocoeruloides Chapm,. is a form with an extensive white spot 
in the disc of the forewing, but a relatively narrow, brownish-black distal margin. -—- victoriae Swh. is 
based upon specimens of an extreme dry period form. — puspargiolus Chapm,. is presumably a form of the 
deronda. 
rdberi. 
darmis. 
argiolus. 
ladonides. 
levetti. 
crimissa. 
caphis. 
coelestina. 
huegeli. 
trita. 
sikkima. 
albocoeru¬ 
loides. 
victoriae. 
puspargio¬ 
lus 
i 
