LYCAENOPSIS. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
877 
Megamendung, West Java, at an altitude of 14 to 1800 m. Later on I found 1 3 on the Plateau of 
Pengalengan, whilst Piepers reports besides specimens from Mount Malabar from 1700 m, from Salak near 
Buitenzorg from an altitude of 780 m. — aphala Fruhst. (= coalita Nic.). Two °f this local form discovered 
by Doherty on the volcano of Arjuno in East Java, were in spite of their small size and the totally different 
character of the marking beneath taken by Niceville to be $$ (!) of coalita , which mistake was revealed by 
Snellen in 1892, when he denominated the West Javanese territorial form of the collective species as qua- 
driplaga. The J of aphala differs from the figured nearcha as well as from quadriplaga from West Java 
by the narrower black margining of the wings and therefore more extensive whitish zone. The marking beneath 
of aphala appears to be fainter, more faded than in the West Javanese quadriplaga. 
L. vardhana Mr. The giant of the genus is remarkable for the homogeneousness of the sexes and a 
delicate, dull greyish-blue reflection on the upper surface, already figured in Vol. I, t. 83 g. From the North 
Western Province to the Kumaon Himalaya. 
L. boelti Chapm. is a very rare species from Sarawak, Borneo, differing from L. musina especially 
by the clasping-organs. 
Group of Species Bothrinia Chapm. 
This subdivision comprises only three or four species with similar colourings, but very different in an 
anatomical respect. Examinations of the species of the Nymphalid genus Kallima have proved that the variation 
of the genital organs is less important than their external marks of distinction, and similar conditions seem 
also to prevail in the Bothrinia, for the organs differ in types that scarcely vary in the colours in such a way 
that clasps may be present or absent, whilst the contours of the valve preserve what the group of species have 
in common, i. e. a long-extended shape with one or two apices at the exterior end. The single species of the 
small group are extraordinarily rare, their range is at present still discontinuous, extending from Assam 
to West China, then quite suddenly again into Celebes. It is therefore almost certain that we may expect yet 
Bothrinia from the intermediate Macromalayan district and the Philippines. 
L. binghami Chapm. An extraordinarily rare species of which only four specimens have hitherto 
been known. Above somewhat like Bothrinia Leech (Vol. I, t. 83 g), apparently violet, both wings with a broad, 
blackish-brown margin. Beneath with very small dots arranged similarly as in L. argiolus. Genital organs 
absolutely contrasting with those of L. quadriplaga, the valve slender, pointed without any chitinous armature. 
Uncus at the tegumen-appendage broader, distally more rounded off, the hooks much longer, thinner, only 
slightly bent. This species mentioned by Chapman as Notarthrinus , owing to its coloured marks and to the 
peculiar, slender valve ending into a point, might be better inserted here than in the Notarthrinus. Assam, 
reported by Tytler also from Manipur. 
L. chennelli Nic. 1883. One from the Naga Hills (Doherty) in my collection; it is somewhat smaller 
and darker than the <$<$ reported to originate from Sikkim. 
L. nebulosa Leech from West China, Central China, extraordinarily rare, was already figured in Vol. 1, 
t. 83 g.j 
L. celebica Fruhst. (152 e S')- somewhat larger and with more pointed forewings than L. chennelli. 
Hindwing in front of the very narrow margin extensively brightened up by whitish. The marginal band 
of the hinclwing, in contrast with L. nebulosa and L. chennelli, does not extend into the anal angle, but beginning 
from the anterior median it is broken up into single, round spots. From beneath a thin, black, submarginal 
band shows through. On the whole, the upper surface resembles that of L. cyanicornis Snell, from Java so 
much that I should have laken celebica to be a local race of cyanicornis , if I had not examined it anatomically. 
Under surface: marking arranged as in chennelli, but the submarginal series of crescents on the hindwing is 
removed more proximally. The clasping-organs are highly specialized, and combine the marks of L. binghami 
and nebulosa. The anatomically remarkable species is zoogeographically of the highest interest, because it 
offers a new document in the ever increasing row of proofs of the close alliance of the Island of Celebes with 
the Asiatic continent. The discovery of a Bothrinia in Celebes goes hand in hand with the discovery of a 
Delias belladonna-race by Dr. Martin in Celebes and the evidence recently adduced by me that Papilio veiovis 
Hew. (20 d) having been isolated hitherto must be merely regarded as an insular race of the continental P. 
cigestor Gray (20 a). All the three species are absent in Java and Borneo, they can therefore only have reached 
Celebes by way of the Philippines, and we may consequently expect all of them yet from the Philippines which 
are still insufficiently explored, celebica i collected in South Celebes, Peak of Bonthain, at an altitude of 5000 ft., 
in February 1896. 
aphala. 
vardhana. 
boelti. 
binghami. 
chennelli. 
nebulosa. 
celebica. 
