928 
LYCAENA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 
'tns. 
younghus¬ 
bandi. 
felicis. 
rcarus. 
yarkunden- 
sis. 
fugitiva. 
cros. 
ariana. 
arene. 
everesti. 
sutleja. 
loeivii. 
chamanica. 
sarta. 
devanica. 
christoplii. 
samudra. 
distally by means of some further large cells in the form of apertures. The slit and its distended lips on being 
touched by the ants’ antenna (or also on similarly effective provocation by means of insects touching it or by 
electricity) exudes a large drop of liquid which is eagerly drunk by the ants. It seems to be rather general that 
the Lycaenid larva, when creeping out from the egg, does not yet possess these organs in a fully developed 
state, but that they only develop during its early stage and are only, operative at a later skinning. 
L. iris Stgr. (Vol. I, t. 79 b). <$ and $ above blackish-brown; forewing beneath without basal ocelli 
with a very intense, oval cell-end spot and an S-shaped discal row behind it; the discal row of ocelli on the 
hindwing beneath is somewhat disorderly. Occurring in Turkestan and in Chitral (Cashmir). As this part 
of Cashmir is rather exclusively palearctic, the occurrence of this species in the Indo-Australian region is still 
somewhatf questionable. 
L, younghusbandi Elw. By this name a form was brought from the Ctyangtze (Tibet) which is scarcely, 
if at all, discernible from the felicis Oberth. (Vol. I, t. 79 i) flying there. The under surface is almost exactly 
the same, the d of younghusbandi is above more lead-coloured grey than blackish-brown, and the marginal 
marking is extinct J Also in Sikkim (Chumbi Valley). 
L. icarus Rott. This species being very common in Europe occurs in the form persica (Voh I, t. 80 g) 
already in Persia at the frontier of the Indian region, penetrating then as Icashgarensis as far as Kashgar and 
as yarkundensis (154 a) as far as Yarkand. The latter form, with but few ocelli beneath already crosses the 
frontier of the Indian part of Cashmir. — fugitiva Btlr. from Beloochistan then continues the species to the 
south. The type of this form differs beneath by its very pale colouring from European and Anterior Asiatic 
icarus, but Bingham believes that transitions will yet be discovered. 
L. eros 0. This species figured in Vol. I, t. 80 c and dealt with on p. 311 occurs in a (d) race in 
Beloochistan being beneath silvery grey, above opalescent violettish-blue. 
L. stoliezkana Fldr. About this species there exists great confusion. Felder describes the species, 
but figures the under surface of an evidently aberrative, almost unmarked specimen. Normal specimens presu¬ 
mably have ocelli beneath, but it is not certain whether the form with numerous ocelli being mostly labelled 
in the collections as stoliezkana really belongs hereto. — ariana Mr. (153 m) is the large form of stoliezkana 
representing the species in the north-western part of the Himalaya and very distinctly exhibiting the white 
triangular spots of the hindwing beneath; it has, however, nothing to do with the form figured as ariana in 
Vol. I (t. 80 e) which belongs to the icarus- group, ariana is recognizable by the marginal triangles as well as 
by the white median patch on the hindwing beneath by which the species resembles the orbitulus- group. -—- 
lmnza (Vol. I, t. 80 e) is the (palearctic) Pamir-form from which arene Fawc. (in Vol. I by mistake printed as 
arena) from Southern Tibet differs by its size, a more distinct median patch and more intense verdigris dusting 
beneath. This arene is so very much like the genuine ariana that both were taken to be season-forms of one 
species ( arene from the dry season, ariana from the rainy season). N. D. Riley considers arene captured by 
the Mount Everest Expedition in 1921 near Dzaca-Chu (at an altitude of 14 000 ft.) as a distinct species, the 
description (of arena) in Vol. I, p. 311, he refers to specimens of ariana. — everesti Riley seems to me to belong 
likewise to this group, but the $ which according to the author varies very much mostly shows a darker, 
more earthy-brown than light grey ground-colour beneath which contrasts much more distinctly with the lighter 
patches and the small, more numerous ocelli, sometimes also small yellow submarginal spots than in arene. 
This form, although it can only be regarded as the representative of the stoliczkana-iorms at great altitudes 
of the northern slope of the Himalaya, is presumably a distinct species, as according to Riley the male genitals 
exhibit considerable differences from arene. —- By the brown colouring beneath and the prominent orange 
spots mentioned by Riley in some everesti a transition is also formed to sutleja Mr. which was established 
according to specimens taken in the Sind Valley (Cashmir); it also occurs in the upper, palearctic districts of 
Cashmir. According to Moore, it already approximates boisd^ivalii H.-Schaff. (Vol. I, t. 80 d) and has for 
that reason already been placed there to the eros-group. Bingham takes this form as well as ariana to be syno¬ 
nymous with stoliezkana. 
L. loewli Zell. In Vol. I, t. 78 i, this lepidopteron being particularly common at the palearctic southern 
frontier is figured, beside its chiefly southern form gigas. In Cashmir and Beloochistan the species occurs on 
the Indian soil, especially in the form chamanica Mr. which is above in the of a paler blue than typical 
loewii and gigas; beneath the ocelli are arranged like in the type but rather small. 
L. sarta Alph. (Vol. I, t. 80 h). This form having been dealt with in Vol. I, p. 313, is presumably 
only a form of the much larger, but otherwise very similar devanica Mr. Both occur in Cashmir on the Indian 
soil, sarta in Chitral, devanica in Ladakh. The species is local, but in some places common. 
L. christophi Stgr. In Vol. I, t. 78 k, the typical form is figured. In the Indo-Australian region, however, 
the form samudra Mr. (153 1 Vol. I, t. 79 a §) is found, easily recognizable by the more deeply coloured 
upper surface and more distinctly marked under surface. 
