publ. 16. 11. 1926. 
APHNAEUS. By Dr. A. Seitz. 
037 
region, and the figure of syama in our Vol. I (pi. 75 h) will probably refer to this form. — Sepulveda Fruhst. sepulveda. 
flies in West and Central China preferably on palearctic soil, only touching the Indo-Australian region where, 
in the south of its range, it passes over to the preceding form; it is said to differ from the preceding form in 
the pure white colour of the under surface and in its larger size. — formosana Mats. (156 h) is the Formosan jormosana. 
form, where the species is common. Upper surface darker violet than in latipicta, under surface of a purer 
white. — negrita Fldr. (156 h) has still more dull reddish-yellow colour beneath; the silvery stripes are edged negrita. 
neither with red nor black, but mostly with brown. Philippines. — ab. frigida Drc ., in which the bands beneath frigida. 
are reduced and irregular, is surely only an aberration, since 'there are species known exhibiting on the left 
side a marking different from that on the right side. The form was described from Borneo, but there probably 
occur analogous deviations also in other patriae. — ( peguanus , placed to syama in Vol. I, p. 278, presumably 
belongs to the next species). 
A. lohita Hsj. (157 a) I considered in Vol. I to be the species with more obtuse wings, whereas lohita. 
Fruhstorfer reckoned hereto all the forms with a red (instead of black) edging of the silvery stripes beneath. 
-— The form himalayana Mr. (157 a) comprises the large specimens from the Himalaya, from where, however, himalaya- 
I also received (from Sikkim) rather small specimens probably of the dry season. Ground-colour beneath dull na • 
yolk-coloured with a reddish hue on it. Sikkim, Assam. — concanus Mr. is the form not being rare in the Nilgiris, concanus. 
from the southern parts of India; very near to lazularia, ground-colour beneath pale reddish-yellow, the silvery 
stripes edged with dark crimson. The subbasal band of the hindwing beneath is composed of 3 parts; the median 
cliscal band and the submarginal band are costally closer together, the submarginal band is straighter and 
at its anal end the three are more or less confluent. — lazularia Mr., from Ceylon, is hardly separable from it, lazularia. 
and according to Hampson, also occurs in the Nilgiris like concanus. $ above violettish-blue, with an azure- 
blue basal part of the wings. Anal spot of hindwing orange-red. Under surface ochreous. Silvery bands Jieneath 
edged with dark violet; these are on the hindwing 2 subbasal, 2 discal, 1 submarginal, and a delicate marginal 
line. In some specimens the spaces between the bands beneath are of the same deep red colour as the bands 
themselves. — seliga Fruhst. exhibits the surroundings of the anal lobe of the hindwing above extensively seliga. 
orange-red, the under surface being of a pure yellow, the silvery stripes broadly and thickly bordered with 
purple brown. Tenasserim. — batina Fruhst. (157 a) is smaller, the stripes beneath, owing to their being thickly batina. 
bordered with purple brown, are so broad that the intensely reddish-hued ground-colour remains in but very 
narrow outlines; the red anal spot does not quite reach to the ends of the terminal band. South Annam, in 
the island of Bai-Miu, in January on blossoms. — panasa Fruhst. (157 a) is the intermediary form between panasa. 
the two preceding forms, the red spot in the anal area above is very large, almost as in seliga, the stripes beneath 
are somewhat finer and bordered with a blackish brown. Tonkin, Chiem-hoa, taken in August and September. 
— rokana Fruhst. (157 a) is the race from Borneo, the $ above with a bright blue lustre, a large red anal spot, rokana. 
the ground-colour beneath darkened by ochreous, the not very intensely silvery stripes edged with dark purple 
brown. According to Druce, the species occurs in great numbers in Borneo; but as Druce quotes Staudinger 
who takes lohita to be the preceding form, this statement is untenable. -— senama Fruhst. (157 b), from Sumatra senama. 
and Malakka, has much smaller with a reddish-yellow under surface, the silvery stripes bordered with 
light red. In the $ the anal spot above is less extensive. -— Larva greyish purple brown, finely white-spotted, 
each ring with a black transverse band and a white lateral streak; on Convolvulaceae. Pupa brown. — De 
Niceville states not to be able to find essential differences of the single forms, such as lazularia, himalayana 
etc., from the nomenclatural form, but he separates concanus as a distinct species; in Vol. I, pi. 75 b, I have, 
in accordance with Staudinger, treated the species as syama. The imagines are in many places rather common 
and prefer settling on low thorn-bushes, with their wings entirely or half closed; Longstaff reminds us of the 
fact that the imagines of Aphnaeus by their closed wings being seen from above represent the figure of a Cam- 
podea- or Lepisma- like insect. The reverted anal lobes are then the eyes, the fine small tails the antennae, whilst 
the real antennae seem to be the bristles of the tails of the insect. Thereby the appearance of the insect is quite 
reverse, and the insectivora seeking the imago’s head hold the oval lobes and the tails of the hindwings of the 
Aphnaeus in their mouths, which tear off directly, whilst the imago being otherwise unhurt flies off. — To this 
species peguanus Mr. (Vol. I, p. 278) would then belong, with a darkened reddish under surface, and the bands peguanus. 
bordered with a bright light red. 
A. vixinga Hew., according to Druce, is a large form from Borneo, recognizable by the very dark vixinga. 
colouring beneath; distinguished from lohita and syama and their Borneo-forms resp. by the small silvery stripes 
being quite differently arranged. I do not know this species. 
A. rectilineata Fruhst. on the under surface entirely resembles lohita (157 a), but the cell of the forewing rectilineata. 
exhibits a rectilinear, somewhat club-shaped basal streak, without the distal hook of lohita. The subbasal 
spots of the hindwing beneath are not united to a coherent band, but are distantly remote. The under surface 
may be light or reddish yellow. On the upper surface the $<$ do not exhibit such a bright blue reflection as 
the two preceding species. Java. -— rubicundus Fruhst. (157 b) from Borneo has above a larger red anal spot rubicundus. 
of the hindwing, beneath the bands are very broad, intensely silvery, with not such light red borders. 
IX 
118 
