1002 
RAP ALA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 
stated. Java. According to the figure, the Javanese <$<$ show the median and its branches in the forewing 
very much blackened. The form occurs besides in the Islands of Sumatra, Lombok. Bawean, and Flores, and 
it is surely also distributed in other parts of the archipelago. — Larva red (sometimes also green ?) or ochreous- 
yellow, marked black with a furry subdorsal stripe. It lives on the young shoots of Nephalium lappaceum L. 
and the blossoms of Melostoma polyanthum, and also Zizyphus rugosus and Ougeinea dalbergeoides are mentioned 
as foodplants. It changes into a smooth, yellowish-brown, black-dotted pupa yielding the imago after 10 till 
14 days. The imagines are good flyers preferring the twigs of certain bushes or trees, where the <$$ lie in 
ambush for the 99 and to which they like to return again. 
xenoplwn. R. Xenophon F. differs but little from the preceding species. On the whole the red of the upper surface 
is less distinctly defined, at least more irregularly. As to the typical form, the opinions are very divergent. 
Distant figures the Malaccan form as the type, which I frecpiently found in Singapore in January. Fruhs- 
torfer took Distant’s form to be dieneces which also looks exactly like it above. Later on (1913) he changed 
his opinion and placed both together, because they are absolutely unseparable. The following local races are 
xenophon. also rather difficult to maintain and very much alike. xenophon. the type, originated from North India. — 
dieneces. dieneces Hew. is a scarcely different form from Malacca. — In dazata Fruhst. (160 h) the red colour on the 
dazata. f orew ing is somewhat increased, so that it extends in rays to the margin. Nias. — intermedius Stgr. (160 h) 
,li ns . has above more red-brown hindwings; from the Andamans. It is also reported from the Philippines, though 
in Semper’s collection I do not find any from there. Semper, however, got from South-East Mindanao 
caerules- specimens of var. caerulescens Stgr. exhibiting above in the $ a violet reflection, which were described from 
i Htha U ' S ' P a ^ awan - anabasis Stgr., from Palawan, also seems to be a form of xenophon, the 9 showing a cpiite mono¬ 
tonously blackish-brown upper surface; in the we notice also here in a certain light an intense deep blue 
reflection on the forewing, and in the discal cell there is an obsolete brownish patch. Hindwing in the $ 
mezetulus. brownish-reel with a small blackish basal and costal-marginal portion. — mezetulus Fruhst. (160 h) is the Javanese 
form (Tengger Mts. in the east); here the red discal area of the forewing is smaller than in dazata, larger than 
Valeria, in intermedins. — Valeria Fruhst. is allied to Assam-specimens of dieneces, but in contrast with the yellowish 
brown in mezetulus or with the dark brown in dazata, with very distinct white submarginal lines and double 
aurelia. lines in the anal area of the hindwing. Bazilan. aurelia Fruhst. is the largest form; above the most red; the 
suffusa. margins of the forewing only narrowly black; under surface dark grey; South Annam. - — suffusa Mr. is 
the Indo-Chinese form extending to the south as far as Malacca, where it is replaced by typical dieneces-, it 
goes to the north as far as Sylhet. This species, however, is reported to be above brown with a copper tint, 
,,like petosiris“ (146 b), consequently without the defined red in the disc; it has therefore only a ,,copper- 
catulus. brown“ median area traversed by black veins. — catulus Fruhst. (146 c, 160 h), from Nias, of which we figure 
both surfaces, is quite similar, more didl coppery than red; the black distal margin of the forewing is broader, 
the light area warming into ochreous brown; under surface ochreous-yellow instead of red-brown, as in suffusa, 
praxcas. in the anal area no yellow, but a greenish spot. — praxeas Fruhst. (160 h), from Java, exhibits in the 
hindwing a rather glaring red, but the discal area of the forewing only covered with black irroration. — The 
99 of all these forms differ but very little from each other, mostly only beneath. In order to ascertain which of 
the names stated here can be maintained, a great material would have to be collected, which might be done, 
since the imagines are not rare. Frithstorfer even enumerates still more (nameless) local races fropi Borneo 
and Sumatra. 
dioetas. R. dioetas Hew. ( = enipeus Stgr.) (160 i). Whilst in the of the forms mentioned above the 
hindwing mostly exhibited more red than the forewing, all the margins are here so broadly black that only 
a small discal spot behind the cell remains red. Under surface rather indistinctly marked; forewing almost 
monotonously dingy yellowish-brown. The 9 h as all the wings of a light brown, slightly tinted coppery, all 
affinis. the margins darker brown, but not distinctly defined against the lighter disc. Macassar. — In affinis Rob. 
(160 i). from North Celebes, the red in the hindwing is somewhat increased, but still less than in the forewing. 
noachis. — noachis Fruhst. (160 i), from Saleyer, differs from the preceding one beneath in the spots in the anal area 
of the hindwing being smaller; thereby also the anal area itself is smaller and blanker, and the arcuate 
stripe bordering on it is thereby placed nearer to the margin. 
r/uineensis. R. guineensis Stgr.. from New Guinea, is very similar to intermedius which was above placed as xeno¬ 
phon as an eventual form of it; guineensis is distinguished by a bright blue reflection which in a certain light 
is particularly prominent on the dark distal margin of the forewing. The under surface is very similar to that 
of dioetas (160 i). 
ribbei. R. ribbei Rob. is extraordinarily closely allied to affinis (160 i) from which it differs above only in 
the discal areas not being so intensely traversed by the black veins. On the figure the red spot on the <$ hindwing 
is in ribbei still smaller than in affinis. Celebes. 
sthenas. R. sthenas Fruhst. (160 i as sthenes ). From the Southern Philippines Fruhstorfer sent a lepidopteron 
for being figured, which surely belongs to the preceding (red) group. He considers it, however, to be a form 
of the following species with which it has certainly nothing to do. It is at any rate more closely allied to the 
xenophon- forms ( suffusa or dieneces). 
