1042 
TAGIADES. By Dr. A. Seitz. 
neira. 
sivinhoei. 
korela. 
sivoa. 
monachus. 
canonicus. 
'presbyter. 
curatus. 
menanto. 
ioba. 
pteria. 
dealbata. 
dimidiata. 
lavata. 
the anal angle of the hindwing. Beneath there are often yet bluish-grey clouds in the disc of the hindwing, 
but not always. The small spots of the fore wing are complete and distinctly white. 
T. neira Plotz (165 c). Plotz figures 2 next to each other, one with a broad, one with a narrow 
white part on the hindwing. Swinhoe turns the figures round taking first the right one and then the left one, 
to the latter of which the name neira ought to belong, at least in case Plotz is to be the author *). Both the 
figures (excepting the forewing) have in common a peculiar dingy-brown darkening of the white part of the 
hindwing; besides a partial white colouring of the abdomen, which is absent in the nestus and many forms of 
menaka \ thirdly also the patria is the same: Aru Islands. Fruhstorfer has now denominated the broad-banded 
form swirshoei (165 c) merely by reason of Swinhoe’s reproduction of Plotz’ figure. 
T. korela Mab. is perhaps somewhat smaller than the similar sivoa, distinguished by the abdomen 
being white only beneath; the spots and dots are entirely like in sivoa ; on the hindwing the white colour does 
not extend so far towards the base; on the hindwing beneath there is at the end of vein 5 another isolated 
black spot, the others are confluent, forming a proximally dentate band. From Waigiu. 
T. sivoa Swh. (165 c) is a beautiful large form easily recognised by the extensive white area of the 
hindwing, which is bordered by a chain of confluent marginal spots, but above all by the abdomen being powdered 
with snow-white almost to the base; from New Guinea. — monachus Fruhst. is said to differ from sivoa in the 
coherent black anal margin of the hindwing above being proximad deeply indented and forming an almost 
closed band, and in the abdomen being above cprite black, beneath yellow. (The white colour of the abdominal 
dorsum, however, varies much in fresh specimens from the same district and is sometimes almost quite absent; 
besides, it has often entirely vanished in much flown specimens.) — canonicus Fruhst. is smaller, the small 
elongate spots on the forewing have here the shape of minute round dots, and the white area of the hindwing 
is narrower; almost half of the abdomen is black. — presbyter Btlr. is distinguished from the preceding forms 
by the black abdomen and the broad, proximad distinctly defined dark anal margin of the hindwing above, 
which is also exhibited beneath extending as a slightly curved bow in front of the fringe. New Pomerania. — 
curatus Fruhst. forms the transition from sivoa to presbyter-, it resembles the latter form; hinclwing beneath with 
a continuous dark marginal band, whereas in sivoa, monachus, and canonicus there are only isolated marginal 
sjiots. From presbyter it differs in the much broader marginal band being proximad deeply indented, and 
in the terminal margin being also above more than twice as broad and also proximad indistinctly defined. 
— All these forms from New Guinea seem to be very much alike, and sivoa itself probably is nothing but the 
representative of menaJca in New Guinea. All the forms of sivoa are from New Guinea or New Pomerania resp. 
T. menanto Plotz (= jainas Fruhst.) (165 d as melamtho). This species differs from the menaka- group 
in the anal portion (not the subanal portion) of the hindwing being white. Instead of the secluding dark marginal 
band there are here only two dark small marginal spots being rather remote from each other and in some $9 
hardly recognisable. Thereby this species approaches the japetus- group, and its well-known relations to obscurus 
(164 f) indicate, where this doubtful species is to be ranged, i. e. among its Ceylon-specimens which Moore 
denominated distans. Forewing with but 3 small subapical spots, with indistinct, often slightly darker discal 
clouds; hindwing with an indistinctly defined, proximally bluish anal white area into which a series of dark 
brown discal spots extend from the radial interspaces. Fruhstorfer was quite correct in presuming this 
Nias-insect to represent gana there, for which reason it must be more closely allied to the group of obscurus 
or japetus resp., but the combination of menanto with toba Nicev. by Swinhoe bewildered him, and so he 
described menanto representing gana in Nias as the new species jainas. 
T. toba Nic. (= nana Elw.) (165 d) is much smaller than menanto, the anal white area of the 
hindwing is narrower and distinctly defined, but also differently distributed, more band-shaped, and its proximal 
border is not convex but rather, concave. From the Khasia Hills; in the Tring Museum it is also stated from 
Nias, which is probably a mistake. 
T. pteria Hew. (165 d). Recognisable by a series of deep dark radiate spots crossing the distal portions 
of both wings and appearing beneath shortened on the white portion of the hindwing. The white colour 
of the hindwing is not bluish-white, but yellowish-white. From East Mindanao. — dealbata Dist., from Indo- 
China and Sumatra, has a deeper ground-colour, so that the dark marking is not so distinctly piominent. The. 
rays are also much shorter than in typical pteria. — In dimidiata Fruhst. the very minute spots of dealbata on 
the forewing are larger, the anal white of the hindwing is narrower; beneath the black basal region is more 
extensive, posteriorly more distinctly defined, the distal spots much more conspicuous. North Borneo; Pulo Laut. 
T. lavata Btlr. (165 d). Above dark brown, the white anal portion of the hindwing spotless, narrow, 
and towards the base rather smoothly cut off. Easily recognisable by the under surface being quite spotless 
except 1 or 2 fine minute spots before the apical portion; the forewing and the basal and costal parts of the 
hindwing are brown, the rest light bluish-grey. Malacca, Borneo, and Natuna Is. 
*) These figures have never been published, but the description by Plotz has, so that this statement of the author 
is valid. 
