Pull. 21. VII. 1927. 
KERANA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 
1097 
A. fuligo Mab. (175 b). The only differs from that of the preceding species in the somewhat more fuligo. 
delicate structure; the $ forewing exhibits 3 very diminutive preapical dots and its hindwing beneath 
two hazy darker transverse nebulous stripes. Malacca, Sumatra, Java. — olivascens Mr. (175 b as ,.oliva- olivascens. 
ceus“) is larger, cpiite unicoloured, and discernible from jama only by the broader wings and a somewhat lighter 
tint in the costal and apical portions of the forewing. India, to the north of the Himalaya passing over 
to the palearctic region, for which reason it has been dealt with in Vol. I, p. 343. — permagnus Fruh.st. permagnus. 
is a very large form from Tonkin (length of fore wings 22 mm), which seems to differ little otherwise, but to 
approximate the following genus in its size and colouring. Manson Mts., at an altitude of 4000 ft., taken 
in April. Chiem-Hoa, in August and September. 
57. Genus: Kerana Di.st. 
Very closely allied to the preceding genus, and chiefly only separated by its more robust structure 
and larger, especially broader wings. Both are besides connected with each other by the palearctic genus 
Apostidopterus Leech, the only species of which ( fuliginosus , cf. Vol. I, p. 344, pi. 86 h) may even go as far 
as South China (Yunnan) und would then also have to be considered for the Indian Region. The genus 
Kerana is exclusively Indian. 
K. diodes. The form of this lepidopteron being on both sides unicoloured blackish-brown, which 
is the most similar to the preceding genus, is rnaura Snell., from Sumatra and South-East Borneo. It is but maura. 
slightly larger than Astict. permagnus, but well recognisable by the more curved costal margin of the forewing, 
the more convex margin and the farther projecting anal portion of the hindwing. — fumatus Mab. (175 c) fumaius. 
which I figure from the Philippines, has more elongate margins of the forewings and would thereby approximate 
again the Astictopterus, but it is much larger than any of them. Luzon. — prabha Fruhst. from Bazilan, is pralha. 
still larger, so that it even excels Indian diodes, and the hindwing beneath is more coarsely strewn with golden 
brown scales, whereby a warmer tint is produced. — evaira Fruhst., from Siam, are smaller specimens; the evaira. 
under surface of the wings is lighter towards the margin. — sumata Fruhst., from the Isle of Nias, is still smaller sumata. 
than maura, thus the smallest form of the species; the anal portion of the hindwing beneath is lighter. — vasuba vasuba. 
Fruhst., from Java, is the lightest form; the wings beneath exhibit outside an almost yellowish-grey tint. 
— diodes Mr. (175 b) is the typical form, large and dark; its range extends from Sikkim through India to diodes. 
Assam and Burma. — savara Fruhst., from Borneo, differs from all the other forms in a light brightening savara. 
extending as a sub marginal band narrowly through the fore wing and more broadly through the hindwing. 
Larva green with a black head, neck and last rings as well as above the ventral feet whitish. On 
ginger (Zingiber) and yellow ginger (Curcuma). Pupa green, very similar to that of Udaspes folus which the 
larva also resembles. —- The imagines are very common at most of their habitats, preferably flying near human 
habitations, where they swarm about on rubbish-heaps and weeds, but they also visit gardens. 
K. swinhoei Elw. & Edw. (175 c) is cpiite similar to diodes , not only in the monotonous dark brown swinhoei. 
colouring, but also in the size and shape of the wings, but the costa of the forewing is somewhat more 
stretched than even in typical diodes. The antennae, however, are somewhat shorter than in the other Kerana ; 
this difference and that of the neuration of the forewing has led to the establishment of a separate genus 
..Watsonia Elw. & EdwF . On the whole, the fore wing is also somewhat shorter, especially the inner margin, 
so that the margin of the hindwing is more prominently convex. Otherwise exactly like the preceding species. 
From the Khasia Hills (Assam). 
K. armata Drc. (175 c) is at once recognisable by the forewing showing a yellowish-red, slightly armata. 
curved decorative band which is particularly broad in the $, and by a large blackish scent-spot in the 
which fills the whole cell of the hindwing above. Malacca, Borneo and Pido Laut, Sumatra and Nias. 
V. gemmifer Btlr. (175 c) exhibits a similar colouring as armata, but it is much smaller, so that gemmifer. 
it almost resembles the exterior of Koruthaialos gemmifer Smpr. (cf. p. 1072) for which it must not be mistaken. 
The bright red band-spot in the forewing is somewhat bottle-shapecl in Kerana gemmifer, and beneath its 
inner edge above and below the discocellular, as well as in the submedian area is deeply indented. Malacca, 
Natuna Is. — In Borneo flies (beside similarly coloured Koruthaialos ) a form, dombya Fruhst., in which dombya. 
these strangulations of the band of the forewing are not distinct, though the band is much broader than in 
the type. — vaijrada Fruhst. is treated as a separate species by its author; it is entirely unknown to me. vaijrada. 
The description runs, as follows: ,,<$ allied to gemmifer from which it differs on the forewing in the yellowish- 
red, more obliquely situate longitudinal band being almost equally broad, towards the costa more extensive. 
The light yellowish-red band at the costal margin both proximad and distad emits a red dent. The body likewise 
differs from gemmifer and armata in the abdominal yellow instead of black colouring, vaijrada is allied to / ulgur 
Nic. from which, however, it is separated by the band not being convex in the central portion but rectilinear 
and sharply cut off. vaijrada is also the only species in which the band is broader instead of narrower towards 
the costa. Antennae absent. 2 S<3 from the Kina Balu in the Coll. FruhstorferA 
IX 
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