14 
PAPILIO. By Dr. K. Jordan. 
but the subcostal gold spot always present. $ without white spot in the cell of the forewing, the discal and sub- 
marginal spots of both wings reduced; the latter on the hindwing more or less strongly shaded with black-brown, 
the margin of the wing broadly black-brown and the black-brown discal spots large; the grey-white wedge-spots 
hecuba. do not reach the cell either above or beneath. — hecuba Bob., from Koer, Tiandoe and Key. <$: in addition 
to the sides of the mesothorax a lateral spot on the metasternum is also red; forewing above with green scaling 
on the median, often also on the radials; hindwing above always with black discal spots, usually 3; beneath 
the black discal line of the forewing broader than the green submarginal line, the cell of the hindwing anteriorly 
edged with black, the black discal spots emarginate, the posterior ones usually truncate, the golden subcostal 
spot never (?) absent, but sometimes only indicated. $ brownish black, the white markings very sparsely shaded 
with blackish, rarely as dark as in specimens from Aru; cell-spot of the forewing mostly large, as long as broad 
or longer, rarely broader than long; the first three wedge-spots of the hindwing above and beneath pointed, 
rarely reaching the apex of the cell, the cell only sometimes with a white dot; sides of the prothorax red. A $ 
taken by H. Kuhn has on the upperside of the forewing only 2 small white spots; they are placed between the 
arruana. subcostals. Larva usually with a white oblique stripe. — arruana Fldr. Not differing constantly from New 
Guinea specimens, the $ especially cannot be recognised with certainty. The black discal band of the forewing 
of the beneath is broad and generally connected with the black hindmargin of the wing; the black discal spots 
of the hindwing are never absent above and are mostly very large beneath, the 2. spot is usually broader 
than the green spot placed distally to it, the yellow anal area has mostly a black spot, the subcostal gold spot 
is wanting in most specimens. In the $ the white markings of the upper surface of both wings are strongly shaded 
with blackish, sometimes also beneath partly suffused with blackish. Bluish probably discoloured under 
eumaeus. the influence of moisture, have received the name eumaeus Rippon. We have also similarly coloured gg from 
New Guinea and they are doubtless found everywhere among the green forms of priamus. A very strikingly 
chrysospila. coloured small J, ^-ab. chrysospila Rothsch., is in the collection of the Tring Museum: upper surface of the 
hindwing without black spots, on the contrary with 4 brown submarginal spots, of which the 3 upper ones have 
a large golden dot, in addition a large golden subcostal spot is present. Beneath all these spots are larger than 
above, also the 4. submarginal spot has a yellow centre; on the forewing no black discal band, only a black spot in 
the subcostal fork; on the hindwing only 2 small black spots between the costa and the 1. radial, cell not margined 
with black. The specimen gives one quite the impression of a separate species; the genitalia are as in arruana. 
The larvae and pupae were found by Ribbe only in the vicinity of water-courses and at the sea-coast, but on dry 
poseidon. ground. — poseidon Dbl. (= pegasus Fldr.) (2 a). In New Guinea and.on the smaller islands off its coast it does 
not seem to have yet formed definable subspecies. No single character is even moderately constant in the indi¬ 
viduals from any one of the different faunistic districts. It is true that in the <3$ from British New Guinea the 
green cell-area on the underside of the forewing is more frequently reduced to a rounded spot and the black mark¬ 
ings of the underside of both wings are more often enlarged than in the from the northern and western parts 
of the island, and that among the $$ from British New Guinea we find more commonly specimens with reduced 
white markings and among those from Waigeu a larger percentage have a white spot in the cell of the hindwing 
than is the case in other districts, yet these differences are so very uncertain that we regard all the specimens 
from Misol, Salawatti, Waigeu, Dutch, German and British New Guinea, the islands in Geelvink Bay, the 
D’Entrecasteaux Islands, Trobriand and the small islands in the Torres Straits as belonging to one very variable 
subspecies. According to Rjppon (in Wytsman’s Gen. Ins.) poseidon also occurs on the Tenimber Islands; the 
statement, like so many in Rippon’s work, is founded on a mistake; no priamus-iorm occurs on the Tenimber 
Islands. The green median line in the forewing of the is apparently never entirely absent, but in one of our 
specimens it is only represented by 3 green scales; in contradistinction to the Aru and Key $$ the black discal 
band of the hindwing beneath is mostly narrow, sometimes however it is broader than the green submarginal 
band, but in this case the last spot but one of this band is usually rounded; the discal spots of the hindwing 
are also mostly rounded, the cell is not usually distinctly edged with black anteriorly and most specimens have 
cronius. no black spot in the yellow anal area. In ^-ab. cronius Fldr. the black discal spots are wanting on the upper 
triton, surface of the hindwing, and in (J-ab. triton Fldr. the hindwing has some gold spots. In the $ many specimens 
have fully as much white as the Key $$; in many the white spots are shaded with blackish; in one of our spe¬ 
cimens from the mountains of British New Guinea with the colour of the wing evidently not yet fully developed 
the markings above and beneath are yellow, partly sprinkled with white; this specimen is even more yellow 
kirschi. than $-ab. kirschi Oberth., in which the cell-spot moreover is edged with metallic green. Not infrequently a 
cell-spot is wanting on the forewing and only a row of patches is present between cell and distal margin: §-ab. 
boreas. boreas Fruhst. In contrast to this there are specimens in which the cell-spot and the discal spots between the 
median veins are developed, but the other spots of the forewing partly reduced and partly obsolete. The $$ with 
circhideus. a spot in the cell of the hindwing, which are particularly common on Waigeu, are $-ab. archideus Gray. The 
brunneus. specimens with slight traces of spots on the forewing or without spots are $-ab. brunneus Rothsch. (3 a); this 
form is especially common on Trobriand, the D’Entrecasteaux Islands and in British New Guinea; from the 
small Engineer Islands, lying in the prolongation of the south-east point of British New Guinea, we have 5 
of which 4 belong to ab. brunneus, whilst in the fifth specimen the white spots are certainly present, but small 
ralentina. and strongly blackened. Dwarfed specimens of both sexes are ab. Valentina Vaill. None of these forms are con- 
