Publ. 5. V. 10. 
PAPILIO. By Dr. Ii. Jordan. 
17 
behind the 2. median is only indicated; the hindwing bears above 8 submarginal spots like the other forms, 
beneath, however, the 2. spot is wanting in the only known specimen, whilst one is present in each of the 1., 
3. and 4.. marginal cells. In the $ the spots of the forewing are partly obsolete, partly very much reduced; 
the yellow-white area of the hindwing is similar to that of sup-emus, but is less yellow beneath. 1 3 in coll. 
H. Grose-Smith and 2 $$ in the Tring Museum, from the south side of the Owen Stanley Range. 
P. paradisea. The 3. subcostal of the forewing from the apex of the cell (or quite near to it), the 
stalk of the subcostal fork long. Forewing of the 3 without brand, with 2 broad golden green longitudinal 
stripes and a narrow hindmarginal stripe; hindwing triangular, produced into a tail, golden, this area distally 
and posteriorly margined with green, abdominal margin broadly black; the hairs on the abdominal fold of 
the hindwing long, yellowish white. the 2. median of the hindwing branching off at the same height as 
the 1. radial; the spots of the forewing very variable, the cell-spot rarely as long as broad, often entirely 
absent; the black discal spots of the hindwing round, varying in size and number; sometimes a white spot 
in the cell of the hindwing. A reliable detailed description of the entire life-history is still wanting. Egg 
spherical, light yellowish, much larger than that of poseidon. Larva velvety black, without markings, the 
tubercles from the first stage onward fiery red, later partly black, those on the 4. and 5. segments always 
black; nuchal fork vivid yellow, the slit itself red. Full fed in 4 or 5 weeks. Pupa not on the food-plant, 
but on shrubs and trees at about 1 m above the ground; more slender than the poseidon- pupa, above lighter 
yellow, beneath and laterally darker brown. The butterfly emerges in 5 to 6 weeks. It flies at the sea-coast 
and in hilly country. — paradisea Stgr. (= schoenbergi Pagenst.) is the form from German New Guinea, which paradisea. 
the last few years has come to Europe in considerable numbers. Strongly golden 33 are ^-ab. auriflua auriflua. 
Fruhst. $$ which have a white spot in the cell of the hindwing are $-ab. punctata Hagen (the specimen errone- punctata. 
ously figured by Rippon in Icon. Ornith. as punctata ,,Rothsch.“ is a cripple without this cell-spot), whilst 
$$ with little or no white in the cell of the forewing are $-ab. caliginosa Fruhst. — flavescens Rothsch. Only 
1 $ known, from Etna Bay, Dutch South-West New Guinea. Forewing above with 2 small discal spots, of 
which the spot behind the 2. median is larger than the one placed before this vein; in paradisea the anterior 
spot is always the larger, moreover this subspecies has usually another spot before the 1. median; the light 
area of the hindwing of flavescens is more yellow above and beneath. 
P. meridionalis Rothsch. (6 c). 3 similarly marked to paradisea; hindwing much smaller, the hind- meridionalis 
marginal area not projecting in a lobe, the narrow tail widened before the tip, the cell much narrower, the 
3. radial and 1. median not stalked; the forewing distally to the middle with large black area (much as in 
tithoyius). the discal markings purer white; the cell-spot of the forewing about as long as broad, always 
3 discal spots present; the distal margin of the hindwing more broadly black, the white area in and behind 
the cell extended further towards the base, the inner margin of the area therefore more oblique than in para¬ 
disea. — British New Guinea: Milne Bay and Mailu. So far as we know, only 8 33 an d a somewhat larger 
number of are known, of which the Tring Museum has selected a series of 4 33 an d 7 $$; the insect 
varies but little. 
P. brookiana. Pronotum and occiput red. Forewing long, cell truncate, the lower angle acute; in 
the 3 a band consisting of 7 metallic green wedge-spots between cell and distal margin; hindwing small, the 
cell narrow, the band of the forewing continued over the hindwing, the abdominal margin bent over above, 
forming a scent-fold. 9 paler than the 31 the discal band of the forewing anteriorly more or less extended 
white; hindwing with white or grey submarginal spots, both sexes beneath with such spots, which however 
are larger in the $ than in the 3■ Malayan. Nothing is yet known about the earlier stages. The butterfly 
is a woodland species, which is generally not rare in the hills and mountains of Malacca, Sumatra and 
Borneo. The $ follows the 3 and. rests on its back during copulation. When the insect is feeding at flowers 
the wings have a buzzing motion as in a Sphingid (Skertchley). According to Martin on the contrary broo¬ 
kiana is never found at flowers in Sumatra, but often settles on moist places on the roads and on rubbish 
heaps (dung and kitchen refuse) near the houses, which the yellow species never do. — albescens Rothsch. albescens. 
(7 b). The 3 has always white submarginal spots on the underside of the forewing. In the $ the white spots 
on the upperside of the forewing and the underside of both wings are very large. Perak. — natunensis natunensis. 
Rothsch. a transition-form between albescens and brookiana, nearer to the latter, but the white markings 
larger. Bunguran, Natuna Islands. —- brookiana Wall. (7 c). 3- forewing beneath usually without submar- brookiana. 
ginal spots. In the $ the white spots on the forewing beneath widely separated except the anterior ones, and 
IX 
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