PAPILIO. By Dr. K. Jordan. 
spots than in helenus and with only 2 red submarginal lunules, as the 5 anterior lunules are wanting. Genitalia: 
the two infra-anal processes of the last (= 10.) segment pointed, but obtuse; the harpe, which in helenus 
is twisted somewhat like a corkscrew, is placed in iswaroides before the middle of the anal clasper, is much nar¬ 
rower than in helenus and its free part is simply curved inwards away from the clasper, without being twisted 
half round. The $ not known. Sumatra and Malacca, probably more widely distributed, but mistaken for 
helenus. — curtisi suhsp. nov., from Selangore, Malay Peninsula; only 1 $ known to me. The discal stripes placed 
between the 8. radial and the 2. median on the under surface of the forewing only as long as the black marginal 
area is broad; the white area of the hindwing narrower than in the next form. — iswaroides Fruhst. (21 c) flies 
all the year round in the mountains of Sumatra, where Dr. Martin’s collectors captured a rather large number. 
All the discal stripes of the forewing beneath at least twice as long as the black distal margin is broad; the 2. 
white patch of the hindwing about twice as long as its distance from the distal margin. 
P. iswara. Very similar to P. helenus. Palpi entirely white; the white area of the hindwing consists 
of 4 patches, of which the 3. is the largest; the area in the G smaller beneath than above, with the exception 
of the 4. spot, which is larger beneath, between it and the red anal eye-spot in the $ two more white spots, of 
which at least the upper one is also distinct in the mostly only 2 red submarginal spots present, both large, 
usually forming a ring-spot with the marginal spots, before the anal submarginal spot no red discal spot as in 
P. helenus, but always 3 blue lunules. The disc of the upper surface of the forewing in the with pilose hairs. 
The ^ paler than the <$, the red submarginal spots larger on both surfaces. The genitalia similar to those of 
P. helenus, the harpe of the more spoon-shaped and the infra-anal processes shorter. Like P. helenus occurring 
in wooded districts, principally in the hills. The early stages not known. Distributed from South Tenasserim 
to Sumatra and Borneo; only locally plentiful. -— iswara White (21 c). The white area of the hindwing posteriorly 
broad; the yellow-red spots of the underside of the hindwing large, the anterior ring-spot also in the always 
entire, the black pupils of both the eye-spots in the $ small. Lower Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Penang, 
Sumatra, Banka. The specimens from the last two islands approximate to the next form. — araspes Fldr. On 
an average smaller than iswara, but the largest specimens much larger than the smallest iswara. The white area 
of the hindwing mostly not so broad as in iswara, posteriorly more pointed; the red spots of the hindwing beneath 
and the 4. white discal patch smaller. One of the two in the Tring Museum from Lawas, North Borneo, bears 
on the underside of the hindwing anteriorly 3 thin red submarginal lunules, before the 1. median a fine red longi¬ 
tudinal curved mark and before the tail traces of another submarginal spot, so that the complete row of sub¬ 
marginal lunules is at least indicated. Borneo and Natuna Islands; our two specimens from Bungaran, Natuna, 
approximate a little to iswara. 
P. sataspes. Similar to P. iswara, but the 2. segment of the palpus black, the white area of the hindwing 
smaller, in two of the three sataspes -forms very much reduced above and entirely or almost entirely absent beneath; 
the submarginal spots of the hindwing yellow, the 5. rarely indicated, commonly also the 3. and 4. suppressed. 
Celebes, Bangkai and Sulla Islands, not rare in the hills. — sataspes Fldr. (22 a) is distributed over the whole 
of Celebes. The white area of the hindwing above and beneath consists of 3 large patches, to which in the $ is 
added a 4. spot, which is especially distinct beneath. — artaphernes Honr. The very much reduced white area 
of the hindwing only extends above to the 2. radial and is almost suppressed beneath. Bangkai; not known to 
me in nature. — ahasverus Stgr. (22 a), which is perhaps identical with the preceding, flies on the Sulla Islands, 
where the <$ is not rare; the area of the hindwing even smaller than in artaphernes, never reaching the 2. radial, 
beneath only the 2. spot indicated by a very thin line. In the $ the area of the hindwing above is still narrower 
than in the and beneath there are 2 thin lunules in its place. Only known to me from Sulla-Mangoli. 
P. diophantus Smith (= diaphantus, Hagen) (22 c). Distinguished from all other Papilios by 2 narrow diophantus. 
red longitudinal stripes which are placed on the under surface of the hindwing, one at the base of the costal margin 
and the other behind the costal vein. The whitish discal stripes of the forewing beneath condensed posteriorly 
into a narrow band. Hindwing with a cream-coloured area, which is strongly dentate distally at the veins 
and beneath is prolonged as a band to the abdominal margin; neither above nor beneath with submarginal spots, 
the marginal lunules long, the extreme tip of the tail cream-coloured. The $ paler than the <$, the discal band 
of the forewing, which consists of short stripes, is also present above and disappears costally; the band of the 
hindwing distinct also above to the abdominal margin, but the posterior 3 spots brownish. This peculiar species 
is so far only known from Sumatra, where it flies in the mountains from 1000 m upwards all the year round; 
the $ is seldom taken. 
P. fuscus. Body similar to that of P. nephelus, palpi laterally entirely white. Forewing in the without 
scent-stripes, hindwing with white discal band, which is always broader above than beneath and either extends 
sataspes. 
artaphernes. 
ahasverus. 
iswara. 
araspes. 
curtisi. 
iswaroides. 
