PAPILIO. By Dr. K. Jordan. 
59 
spots, sometimes also that of the hindwing only indicated by a few small, thin spots; these forms recall 
brown forms of P. clytia, but are easy to distinguish by the thin marginal spots and the much more distal 
position of the subcostal vein of the hindwing. In P. fuscus capaneus and xenophilus, which resemble the 
tailed canopus- forms, the continuous band of the hindwing above is beneath much narrower and broken 
up into spots. On the small Sunda and the Tenimber Islands, in North Australia and on the New Hebrides. 
— hypsicles Hew. The band of the forewing running straight from the subcostal fork to the hindmargin, 
somewhat obliquely placed, posteriorly somewhat widened, the spot placed in the subcostal fork not longer 
than the 1. or 8. spot; the blue discal spots on the hind wing beneath rather large, the submarginal spots 
reddish, the 5. and 6. patches of the white band about 1 /3 as long as their distance from the submarginal 
spots. The tail spatulate. New Hebrides. — canopus Westw. The spot of the band of the forewing placed 
in the subcostal fork longer than the 1. and 3. spots, the central spots always smaller than the anterior 
ones; the abdominal margin of the hindwing shorter than in hypsicles, hence the discal band and the sub¬ 
costal spots nearer together. Tail spatulate. North-West Australia and Cape York. — tenimberensis 
Rothsch. (= babberensis Fruhst.). Similar to the preceding subspecies, but the band ' on both wings much 
broader. The E without distinct submarginal spots on the upperside of the hindwing, these spots in the 
$ sometimes sharply expressed and red-yellow. Tenimber; Babber. — croton Fruhst., from Dammer, is 
so variable that there are no reliable differences from canopinus on the one hand and tenimberensis on the 
other. In some specimens the band of the forewing is almost obsolete beyond the 4. spot, whilst in others 
it is as broad as in tenimberensis; the band of the hindwing is in some specimens only as broad as in 
others. The submarginal spots of the hindwing, which above are only rarely absent, are small and usually 
diffuse. Our series of 15 specimens was taken by H. Kuhn from the 31. October to the 12. December 1898. 
— canopinus Rothsch. (= kallon Fruhst.) (24 c), from Roma and Moa (perhaps occurring also on the other 
small islands of the group), likewise varies rather strongly; the band of the forewing is placed nearer to the 
distal margin than in the preceding races; the submarginal spots of the hindwing are also above always large; 
the tail is either widened at the end, or simply pointed, or reduced to a short tooth which scarcely projects 
more than the other marginal teeth. — hypsiclides Bothsch., from Wetter, is even more variable than croton. 
The band of the forewing, at least on the under surface, is not placed posteriorly so near to the margin as 
in canopinus and vollenhovii, it varies in width, especially from the 4. spot, and is sometimes widely inter¬ 
rupted; the central spots of the band of the hindwing are usually much shorter than their distance from 
the cell, the submarginal spots of the hindwing are also above always sharply developed; the tail is either 
feebly spatulate, or simply pointed, or is completely absent; in tailless specimens the distal margin of the hind¬ 
wing is sometimes much less rounded than normally. — vollenhovii Fldr. (24 c), from Timor, is always tail¬ 
less, the band of the forewing is placed close to the distal margin and is always broad; the band of the 
hindwing is broader than in most specimens of hypsiclides, the 5. and 6. patches are always considerably 
longer than their distance from the submarginal spots, the latter are well developed above and beneath and 
the 6 anterior ones in our 8 specimens white above. Doherty found this form in Dutch Timor in November 
and December. — alorensis Bothsch. (24 c). Tailless. The band of the forewing obsolete except three sub- 
apical spots and traces of the posterior ones, the 1. spot only indicated, the 2. (placed in the subcostal fork) 
larger and distinct, the 3. small; the band of the hindwing very narrow, the submarginal spots further 
removed from the distal margin than in vollenhovii. Alor, only 1 J; known, taken by Doherty in October. 
— - umbrosus Bothsch. (30 c). Tailless; brown, the distal margin of both wings paler brown; forewing without 
band, only with a spot in the subcostal fork; the discal band of the hindwing indicated by very thin, small 
spots, the submarginal spots small above, rather large beneath. Sumbawa; Doherty caught a pair in 
September. — sumbanus Bothsch. (24 c). Forewing with 3 large subapical spots and a small double 
spot at the hindmargin; hindwing without tail, the discal band on both sides very thin or scarcely 
indicated, the submarginal spots are wanting above and are beneath all white, linear and somewhat 
diffuse. Sumba; a pair in the Tring Museum. A rather faithful copy of Eiiploea lewa from the same 
locality, but larger. 
P. hipponous. Forewing not far from the distal margin with a narrow band running forwards from 
the hindmargin, which above is yellowish and sometimes absent, and beneath white and sometimes reduced 
to a small double spot. Hindwing with a white band, broken up into spots by the black veins, which is 
of almost equal width above and beneath and always reaches to the abdominal margin. The $ very similar 
to the <J, but somewhat paler. Nothing is known as to the earlier stages. The $<$ drink at puddles and 
springs. Indo-Malayan. — pitmani Elw. (= pitmanni Bothsch.). Forewing above without distinct band, 
at most with a small spot before the hindmargin. Tenasserim and Siam. — hipponous Fldr. Forewing 
above with distinct yellowish band, which gradually disappears costally; the 3. spot of the band of the hind¬ 
wing about twice as long as the 5. On Luzon. — bazilanus Fruhst. Very similar to the preceding form, 
but the band of the hindwing of more uniform width, the 3. patch being shorter than in hipponous. Pala¬ 
wan, Bohol, Mindanao, Bazilan. — lunifer Bothsch. (33 b). A very large form, in which the submarginal 
spots of the hindwing beneath are large and strongly curved and placed further from the distal margin 
than in the other forms. Sangir and Talaut Islands. — leptopsephus Fruhst. Forewing with an anteriorly 
hypsicles. 
canopus. 
tenimber¬ 
ensis. 
croton. 
canopinus. 
hypsiclides. 
vollenbovii. 
alorensis. 
umbrosus. 
sumbanus. 
pitmani. 
hipponous. 
bazilanus. 
lunifer. 
lepto¬ 
psephus. 
