PAPILIO. By Dr. K. Jordan. 
63 
marginal spots of the under surface more widely separated from the distal margin; the band from the 3. 
spot mostly narrower than in ledebouria, the 2. spot at least half as long again towards the costa as posteri¬ 
orly, distally cut off very obliquely, the 1. spot above large, beneath always shortened to a transverse 
patch; one of our specimens has on the under surface blue scales outside the posterior spots of the band. 
The 9 in two forms: $-f. martius Bothsch., similar to the on the hindwing the submarginal spots are marlins. 
absent above except for a small anal spot, but are all large beneath. $>-f. atavus Bothsch., similar to $-f. atavus. 
praxilla from the Philippines, the costal margin of the forewing more strongly curved, the black stripes 
narrower, the white marginal spots mostly formed as in the and sometimes almost as sharply developed; 
the white area of the hindwing as in $-f. praxilla, but the cell-spot usually only indicated above. -—• alpheios alpheios. 
Fruhst. On the northern peninsula of Celebes in place of alcindor occurs a form very similar to P. pol. lede¬ 
bouria, which was long ago recorded from there by Semper and Oberthur under the name of alphenor. The 
3 differs from perversus by the broader wings, smaller marginal spots of the forewing and narrower band 
of the hindwing, and from large ledebouria by the more distinctly separated patches of the band of the hind¬ 
wing. Only the polytes-ioxm of the $ is known: larger than the largest specimens of the Philippine $-f. praxilla, 
the black stripes of the forewing beneath somewhat thinner and the submarginal spots of the hindwing 
somewhat further separated from the distal margin. —- polycritos Fruhst. (= falcidius Fruhst.), from the polycritos. 
Sulla Islands (Mangola and Besi) and Bangkai, is not distinguishable from alpheios in the <$. The $ similar 
to the $ has narrower wings than the corresponding 9 from the Philippines (the corresponding alpheios -9 
is not known), also the patches of the band of the hindwing are more distinctly separated and the submarginal 
spots, which beneath are always large but mostly only feebly developed, are placed somewhat further from 
the distal margin: 9'f- zacora form. nov. The 2. form of the 9> $-f. rhacida form, nov., has the stripes of 
the forewing purer white than in alpheios and ledebouria, the black basal area is larger, especially in the cell ^ 
and beneath between the lower median and the hindmargin; at the distal margin in all our specimens (10) 
there are more or less distinct whitish spots, which are similar to those of the the tail is sometimes short 
and pointed as in the 9 of alphenor ; the white area of the hindwing always enters the cell. — alphenor alphenor. 
Cr., from the Southern Moluccas, inclusive of Burn, agrees in the almost entirely with ledebouria ; the mar¬ 
ginal spots of the forewing are on the whole smaller and the 1. patch in the band of the hindwing is larger 
above and thinner beneath. The 9 in two forms, of which only 9 _ f- alphenor Cr. (31 b) is known to me 
in nature. In this the tail is always shortened and never distinctly spatulate; the submarginal spots of 
the hindwing are in general large and are mostly placed further from the distal margin than in ledebouria 
and polycrites. The other 9'f° rm is similar to the <$. — nicanor Fldr. (33 c $, 31 c 9) is the form of the nicanor. 
Northern Moluccas and Obi. Wings in J and 9 more rounded than in the preceding forms. with large 
marginal spots on the hindwing and also above distinct submarginal spots on the hindwing. In 9'f- rnanzer manzer. 
Bothsch. the 1. patch of the band of the hindwing is smaller than in the g, beneath even thinner than the 
1. submarginal spot; sometimes the two submarginal spots placed behind the very short stump of a tail 
are united on the underside into rings with the marginal spots. In 9"f- typicus Bothsch. the spot of the typicus. 
white area of the hindwing placed below the 2. median is larger than in alphenor, especially on the under 
surface; sometimes the red discal spots of the hindwing are lengthened into stripes. — nicomachus Fruhst. nicomachus. 
is based on 4 which are said to be from Burn. The specimens are ,,somewhat larger than nicanor Fldr. 
from Batjan, the white discal spots of the hindwing more oblong, placed more separate". I doubt whether 
a form similar to nicanor occurs on Buru; I only know alphenor from there. The locality of Fruh- 
storfer’s examples (duplicates bought in London) is probably .incorrect, since according to the description 
he cannot be dealing with specimens of alphenor. 
P. ambrax. Very nearly allied to P. polytes; both sexes without tail. J: forewing with thin mar¬ 
ginal spots confined to the edge of the wing; hindwing above with large white area, which always enters 
the cell and is much broader than the black marginal area; beneath this area is entirely absent or is re¬ 
placed by rounded white-grey shadowy spots. 9 on both wings with thin marginal spots, which are smaller 
than in all the polytes-ioxxn.s-, no indication of nail-head spots at the black distal margin of the forewing; 
hindwing beneath as in the £ with extremely small yellow-grey scales between the veins in the basal area; 
the white area of the hindwing similar to that of P. pol. nicanor, but the veins, especially the apex of 
the cell, even less black. There is no 9-form similar to the Jf. The earlier stages as in the north-eastern 
forms of P. polytes. The larva on Citrus, especially common in March and April, sometimes in dozens to¬ 
gether on one bush; when full-grown green, ventrally at the sides a broad stripe, which also covers the prolegs 
and is above edged with whitish; from this stripe, besides an anal band, branch off 3 bands of the same 
colour, which are not interrupted above, on the thorax in addition is placed a transverse band, laterally 
widened into spectacle-shape. The butterfly is very common. — epirus Wall. (31 c). $ above with red epirus. 
anal spot, beneath with more than 2 yellow-red spots; the apex of the forewing with faint grey stripes. 9 : 
the forewing between the 1. median and the 2. submedian with 2 white patches, of which at least the posterior 
one is much shorter than its distance from the distal margin. Aru Island. — ambrax Bdv. (= dece- ambrax. 
balus Fruhst., mazaios Fruhst., akames Fruhst .) (31 c). In the different districts of New Guinea and on 
