70 
PAPILIO. By Dr. K. Jordan. 
P. ascalaphus. Underside of the body almost without traces of grey-white longitudinal lines; palpi 
with white spot, both sexes tailed and above and beneath without patches at the base. : forewing with 
yellowish grey, hindwing with grey-blue or yellowish grey stripes before the distal margin; beneath the stripes 
of the forewing more discally placed, those of the hindwing replaced by much shorter grey-blue discal spots, 
distally to which are placed yellow submarginal spots, more or less shaded with blue. The $ very different 
from the <$; the forewing from the base to about the 2. median black, then follows a large, posteriorly 
narrowed central white area, which is intersected by black stripes, the distal margin again broadly black; hind¬ 
wing with large white central area, interrupted by the veins, which in a second $-form is only indicated by 
indistinctly defined grey and bluish patches; the red-yellow submarginal spots, with white tips, are well 
developed above and beneath. The earlier stages not described. The yellow egg is laid on Citrus, on which 
the larva lives. The butterfly is very common, especially in lower elevations near the coast. It is fre¬ 
quently found at Papaja flowers. ,,The $$ are also fond of hiding in the foliage of Citrus trees and fly about 
ascalaphus. even in the gardens and streets of Macassar 11 (Fruhstorfer). — ascalaphus Bdv. (88 a), from Celebes. 
on the upper surface of the hindwing with broad grey-blue band composed of stripes. The $ bears nor¬ 
mally a large white discal area on the hindwing; but sometimes specimens also occur in which this area 
nubiger. is replaced by indistinct, blue-dusted grey patches: §-ab. nubiger Fruhst .; this darkened form is only known 
ascalon. to me from North Celebes. — ascalon Stgr. (28 a). the stripes on the upperside of both wings short and 
yellowish, on the hindwing much less prominent than in ascalaphus. In the $ the middle of the forewing 
and the discal area of the hindwing are purer white than in ascalaphus. Sulla Islands: Mangola. 
P. oenomaus. Black, tailed, entirely without blue scaling, the forewing elongate. forewing 
parallel with the distal margin with broad discal band which is pale yellow above, grey-white beneath; hind¬ 
wing above without markings, beneath with a single row of yellowish red submarginal spots, which are 
remote from the cell and are sometimes indicated above also, and with 3 red basal patches. In the $ the 
disc and cell of the forewing are semitransparent, the band is paler and the red basal patch, which in the $ is only 
present beneath, is developed above also; on the hindwing a median band, which is reddish at its edges, the 
red submarginal spots above and beneath large, and the marginal spots reddish. The $ is very similar 
oenomaus. to P. liris, and flies together with it. — oenomaus Godt. (28 b). occurs on Timor, Moa, Kisser and Eoma 
(most probably also on the other small islands between Timor and Tenimber). The $ with broad median band 
on the hindwing. Whilst P. liris is different on almost all the islands, oenomaus apparently shows no differ¬ 
ences either in £ or $ on those mentioned above. On the other hand the following subspecies follows 
subfasciatus. its model. — subfasciatus Rothsch. (28 b), from W T etter, is distinguished in the $ by a very narrow, incom¬ 
plete discal band on the hindwing, just as P. liris wetterensis. This band is above and beneath pale red 
and usually interrupted before the cell, sometimes it is only faintly indicated beneath between costa and 
cell. The G<S are not constantly different from oenomaus-, in general they have the band of the forewing 
somewhat narrower. 
P. polymnester. a broad, costally obsolescent discal band on the forewing and the distal 2 /3 of 
the upperside of the hindwing white-blue; this area encloses a row of black discal patches and a similar 
row of submarginal spots; some of the latter united with the black distal margin. On the under surface 
the band of the forewing more discal and the area of the hindwing reduced, especially from the base, both 
dirty yellow-grey. The $ paler than the the band of the forewing and the area of the hindwing yellowish 
white suffused with bluish. The full-grown larva green, with strongly swollen thorax, shiny, at the sides 
of the thorax a thin white lateral line and above the prolegs a broader lateral stripe; on the thorax a black- 
dotted spectacle-marking and behind it a raised belt marked with black and white, at the sides of the ab¬ 
domen two abbreviated white oblique bands, the anal segment likewise white. Pupa brown or green, with 
obtuse, strongly produced horns on the head and widely expanding wing-cases. On Citrus, Atalantia, Para 
migyna, etc. The butterfly especially common in the plains, but also ascends high into the mountains, 
and occurs all through the summer in gardens, open country and in the woods. The flight is in general 
slow and imposing, yet the butterfly can also dart through the air. It is often taken at flowers, over which 
it remains hovering; it shows itself at such times so fearless that it can be caught with the fingers. Ceylon 
and South India to Calcutta; north of the Ganges only single stragglers, is said also to have been seen (!) 
parinda. in Burma. — parinda Moore (26 a). n °t constantly different from the following form; the band of the 
forewing broad, the stripe placed behind the 2. median longer than its distance from the cell. $: the band 
of the forewing and the light area of the hindwing yellowish, much less blue than in the <$. Everywhere 
polymnestor. in Ceylon. — polymnestor Cr. (26 a). : band of the forewing usually narrower than in the preceding 
form. $: almost as blue as the or at least bluer than the $ of parinda. Distributed over the whole of 
South India to Calcutta, in the Tring Museum also a (migrant) <$ from Sikkim (Moller coll.) and a second 
from Assam. 
lampsacus. P. lampsacus Bdv. (26 b). Two longitudinal lines beneath at each side of the abdomen and a broad 
discal band on the hindwing, produced at the veins to the distal margin, white-yellow, the anal spot of the 
band and a narrow basal central streak on the under surface of the hindwing deeper yellow. The $ paler 
