PAPILIO. By Dr. K. Jordan. 
71 
than the <$, with white-yellow basal patch on the upperside of the forewing. — Java: in the mountains, at 
1500—4000 ft. elevation. A mimic of the Aristolochia Papilio P. priapus. 
P. forbesi Gr.-Smith (26 b). Abdomen entirely black; under surface of the hindwing with red costal forbesi. 
patch at the base. forewing with long, strong grey stripes before the distal margin; hindwing above 
with some grey submarginal lunules, which vary in number, the white marginal spots large. Under sur¬ 
face of the hindwing with large ochre-yellow area, which extends from the anal angle to the radial veins, 
is remote from the cell and encloses black patches; above this area some small blue spots. $ paler than the 
3, the grey stripes of the forewing extend to the cell and the latter is likewise striped; hindwing with large, 
almost pure white area, which extends to the subcostal or the 1. radial, almost reaches the cell and encloses 
large black discal and submarginal patches; forewing above with yellowish white patch at the base of the 
cell: §-f. humeralis form, nov., or without this patch: $-f. nigribasaiis form. nov. — Only known from the 
mountains of Sumatra, not below 3000 ft.; flies all the year round; the £ common on the sand of river-banks; 
the $ very rare. 
P. acheron Gr.-Smith (= goetheanus Fruhst.) (27 a). Very similar to the preceding species, the acheron. 
stripes of the forewing much weaker, the red basal spot on the underside of the hindwing larger, the light 
area in $ and $ yellow and very much smaller than in forbesi, in the $ only very little larger than in the 
the upper surface of the hindwing in J and $ without markings except for a row of large, shadowy discal 
patches consisting of scattered blue-grey scales, the marginal spots very thin. — North Borneo, in the hills 
(Kina Balu, Mt. Mulu, Mt. Dulit, etc.), the common. 
P. mayo Hew. ($ = charicles Hew.) (25 b). One of the most beautiful species of this group. mayo. 
tailless, though the marginal tooth of the 3. radial projects perceptibly; hindwing above with a densely 
scaled, broad light blue discal band, which mostly touches the cell and is placed at a distance from the distal 
margin. The posterior discal, submarginal and usually also the marginal lunules brown-red; sometimes all 
these red spots are absent, the anal ring is only feebly indicated, and a very conspicuous grey-blue ma¬ 
cular band is placed on the disc. The $ monomorphic, a mimic of the Aristolochia Papilio P. rhodifer, 
which is common in that locality: forewing with red basal spot, the disc and cell lighter as in the $ of P. 
oenomaus ; hindwing with large white cell-spot and an interrupted row of discal patches placed at the cell, 
the submarginal spots dull red, the posterior ones very large, the last prolonged into a broad stripe which 
reaches the white discal spot, tip of tail whitish red. Under surface as upper, the anterior marginal spots 
of the hindwing whitish. — Andamans, the common. 
P. lowi Druce (25 b). and $ tailed. $ black, upper surface of the forewing with rather short blue- lowi. 
grey stripes at the distal margin; hindwing with broad, blue-grey, densely scaled band, which extends nearly 
to the distal margin, is almost uniformly concave towards the base and does not reach the cell. $ in two 
principal forms; forewing with the exception of the base much lighter, the red basal spot at least indicated, 
the blackish stripes between the veins weaker than in the mmnow-forms, hindwing with large white, 
distally yellowish central area, which is intersected by the thin black veins: $-f. zephyria form, nov.) or zephyria. 
the hindwing almost entirely black, without white area: $-f. suffusus Lathy. — Palawan, Balabac and North suffusus. 
Borneo. 
P. memnon. Palpi with 3 small white spots. Under surface of the wings with large, dull red spot 
at the base, which on the hindwing is divided by the veins and is often present also on the upper surface 
of the forewing. black, with greenish or bluish sheen, the veins of the forewing accompanied by light 
bluish stripes. Hindwing above likewise with grey-blue stripes, which are mostly indistinctly defined; always 
without tail. Under surface of the hindwing in the distal part with 2 rows of large black patches, which are 
surrounded by grey, grey-blue, yellowish or yellowish red scaling, often only the submarginal black patches 
distinct and sometimes only the posterior ones of these. The $ in some districts fairly constant, in others 
extraordinarily variable. Of these different ^-forrns only a few can be regarded as mimetic. The forewing 
of the $ is always paler than in the G; the hindwing above dark, often striped with blue as in the and 
beneath as in the <$ with 2 rows of black patches, or the hindwing with white discal patches and beneath 
with only one row of black patches, which are often very large and joined together. These two principal 
forms tailless and extraordinarily variable individually. The form which appears to be the oldest is tailed, 
has on the hindwing a white cell-spot (often large) and round the cell a row of likewise white patches, the 
distal ones more or less yellow or dull red; similar to the white-spotted £ of P- lowi, but the veins which 
separate the spots more broadly black. This tailed §-form is wanting in Borneo and is there represented 
by an otherwise quite similar tailless form. The abdomen of the $$ with light hindwing is often yellow 
at the sides. The young larva brown, anteriorly on the thorax and on each of the last two abdominal seg¬ 
ments with a pair of light spines, which disappear later; when full-grown dark velvety green, here and there 
bluish, the thorax swollen, with spectacle-marking and black transverse band, before which a whitish green 
band is placed, at the sides of the abdomen two whitish green oblique bands, of which the first is dorsally 
united with the band of the other side, the tip of the abdomen and a longitudinal stripe above the legs greenish 
white; the scent-fork in the young larva black, afterwards red. Pupa green or brown, above between the 
