PAPILIO. By Dr. K. Jordan. 
91 
extends to the 2 nd radial, is about twice as broad as in f. euphratoides. — ornatus Rothsch. (40 c). Fore- ornatus. 
wing more densely scaled with white costad than in the preceding forms, hence less greenish; the 1 st band 
of the forewing only indicated, none of the bands of the cell extend beyond its hindmargin, the distal border 
of the hindwing is deep black, narrowed costad; on the under surface of the hindwing the black markings 
in the distal half very large, the posterior yellow spots margined with black. Halmaheira; only known 
to me. — As in P. antiphates, the geographical forms in P. euphrates are also mostly somewhat different 
in the structure of the genitalia. 
Payeni-Group. 
The subcostal veins of the forewing free, the 3 rd arising before the apex of the cell, the 2 nd discocel- 
lular deeply incurved. The claw of the tarsi with tooth in or behind the middle. The wings densely scaled, for 
the most part yellow-brown or black-brown. The scent-fold of the hindwing of the 3 weakly developed. — 
Distributed from China to the large Sunda Islands; only two species. The tooth of the claw is a very peculiar 
character, which is again indicated in P. macleyanus and gelon. 
P. gyas. Strongly dimorphic sexually, rf: body greenish, the head and the underside of the thorax 
chestnut-brown; the wings above dark brown, the broad dark distal margin with a row of yellowish spots, 
similar spots also on the disc of the forewing. Under surface with large chestnut-brown basal area, a spot 
at the apex of the cell of both wings and the anal area of the hindwing of the same colour; the middle of 
both wings white-grey with dark crescents, the hindwing with light, dark-edged submarginal spots, which are 
only indicated on the forewing; the tail spatulate. $ with broad white median band, which on the forewing 
becomes yellow costad and is here more or less distinctly broken up into patches, whilst it has a bluish 
tone on the hindwing. The submarginal spots larger than in the ^; the tail broadly margined with light 
chestnut-brown. From Sikkim to Tenasserim, in wooded mountain districts at a height of 6—7000 ft., com¬ 
monest in the Khasia Hills. The earlier stages are not known. — gyas Westw. (= lachinus Fruhst.) (89 c) gyas. 
occurs in Sikkim, Bhutan and Assam (Garo, Khasia and Naga Hills). The specimens from Sikkim are 
distinguishable according to Fruhstorfer, but the characters given by him are not confirmed by the series 
in the Tring Museum (2 3$ and 5 9? from Sikkim, 6 $$ from Bhutan, 13 ^ and 5 9? from Assam). — 
aribbas Fruhst., erected from a $ from Upper Burma, is distinguished according to the author by the weaker aribbas. 
development of the middle and posterior spots of the forewing and the lighter colour of the central area on 
the under surface of both wings.— gyas also occurs in Tenasserim (according to Hauxwell), but I have not 
been able to compare any specimens from there. — This species is represented in China by P. hercides Blanch. 
(— sciron Leech, porus Streck.) (vol. I, 8 b). Strecker erroneously describes porus as from the Garo Hills in 
Assam. 
P. payeni. Body and ground-colour of the wings ochreous yellow, above with slightly greenish tone; 
vertex and collar as well as the greater part of the cell of the forewing above yellow-brown. The tooth of 
the claws large. Forewing with strongly produced apex, the distal margin of both wings broadly brown- 
black with yellow spots; on the forewing a discocellular patch and a transverse spot in the cell likewise 
brown-black; hindwing narroAver than in gyas, much more triangular, without distinctly marked anal angle. 
Beneath on the Avhole lighter than above, the basal area of both Avings Avith a brown band broken up into 
spots, the distal third commonly darker than the middle of the AA r ing, always with brown lines and rows of 
spots, which are often confluent, on the disc of the hindAving a number of silver spots. The 9 paler than the 
o, Avith broader Avings and smaller dark markings. The earlier stages are unknown; the butterfly in the 
mountains at medium elevations. Distributed from Sikkim and Hainan to Java and Borneo. — The largest 
form is evan Dbl. (= evanides Fruhst.) (39 b), from Sikkim, Bhutan and Assam. The hindAving bears above evan. 
4 yellow discal spots, of Avhich the 1 st is placed behind the 2“ d radial. The butterfly is \'ery rare in Sikkim, 
but rather common in the mountains of Assam. It appears to fly in at least 2 broods; the spring specimens 
have the dark markings somewhat reduced. — amphis subsp. nov., from Tenasserim and Burma, resembles ampliis. 
the Malayan forms, but the dark markings are less black; upper surface of the hindwing with 5 yellow discal 
spots, of Avhich the 1 st is lunular and placed behind the 1 st radial; at the proximal side of the 4 th spot there 
is a distinct yellow spot. The ground-colour of the under surface as in the Malayan forms darker than in evan, 
the dark markings in the distal area of both wings sharper and narrower, the submarginal line almost without 
interruption, the silver spots larger than in evan, and the brown subbasal transverse patch behind the costal 
is placed nearer to the corresponding costal spot than to the precostal vein. — langsonensis Fruhst., from 
Tonkin, is paler yellow than any other subspecies, on the other hand the costal margin of the forewing and 
the distal margin of both Avings are deeper black, the yellow spots in the dark border are small, the hind¬ 
wing bears 4 small, sharply defined yellow discal spots. Beneath the marginal area of both wings is deeper 
broAvn than in evan. — hegylus subsp. nov. A small form from Hainan, of which a pair taken in May are in hegylus. 
the Tring Museum. Ground-colour as in evan, the dark marginal area somewhat reduced from the proximal 
side, the yellow spots placed in it not larger than in summer specimens of evan, the brown-black spot placed 
in the apex of the cell of the hindwing much smaller; the hindwing Avith a i’oav of 5 discal spots, to which 
in the 9 is added a 6 th spot situated at the proximal side of the 4 th . Beneath as in evan, but the broAvn mark¬ 
ings on the Avhole more feebly developed, especially the spots at the apex of the cell of both Avings are smaller. 
