98 
PAPILIO. By Dr. K. Jordan. 
districts by the absence of the last submarginal spot on the under surface of the forewing and the narrow scent- 
stripe. Spring specimens have a broader median band and beneath larger submarginal spots than summer ones. 
orlhia. 1 have albociliatis before me from North-East Assam, the Shan States and Tonkin. — orthia subsp. nov. Similar 
to the summer specimens of the preceding form, but much smaller; the third discal spot from the front on the 
upper surface of the forewing is nearly always wanting, the red costal spot on the underside of the hindwing is 
absent, the submarginal spots of both wings are much larger beneath than above. Malay Peninsula, Penang, 
evemon. Sumatra, Banka, Borneo. — evemon Bdv. (44 b). Median band broader than in orthia, the spots in the apical 
half of the forewing yellowish, the submarginal spots, especially the posterior spots of the forewing, smaller 
igneolus. above and beneath and the red ornamental spots of the hindwing larger. Java. -— igneolus Fruhst. Like orthia, 
but the red spots on the underside larger. Nias. 
P. eurypylus. So extraordinarily similar to doson that in our revision of the Papilios of the Old World 
with the exception of Africa (1895) we merged the two species together. The study of the genitalia, however, 
soon set us right. These organs are indeed almost of the same build in eurypylus, doson and evemon, but they 
always show distinct differences in the details. In the markings eurypylus may nearly always be recognised by 
the short, brown-black costal band of the hindwing beneath, which bears the red costal spot, being united poster¬ 
iorly with the brown-black subbasal band, whilst in doson it terminates inside the silver band. There are, however, 
also specimens of eurypylus, e. g. among the North Indian spring form, in which the bands are not united. In 
this case the basal margin of the silver band is notched at the subcostal vein. In the large forms the greater 
part of the abdomen is generally white above. The yellow scent-wool in the fold of the forms as in doson a broad 
patch, which extends to the black band which is parallel with the abdominal margin. The harpe (on the innerside 
of the anal claspers) is distally narrower than in doson and bears longer processes; as in that species not only 
individually but also distinctly geographically variable. The larva on Anonaceae; it recalls that of doson, is at 
first black or brown, in the middle stages brown, yellowish, reddish or green, and when full-grown dark green. 
Pupa likewise as in doson. The butterfly has the same habits as doson, with which it flies together in India, Indo- 
China, Malacca and on some of the Sunda Islands. The distribution of the two nearly allied species, eurypylus 
and doson, is interesting. Evidently eurypylus is a Papuan butterfly which has spread westwards, but' has not 
(or not yet) reached the western districts of the range of doson, whilst doson is an Indo-Chinese butterfly which 
macronius. has extended eastwards as far as Sumbawa and the Philippines. — macronius subsp. nov. Large, the abdomen 
for the most part white, the median band of both wings broad, that of the hindwing dusted with white, at the 
costal and distal margins of the cell not at all or only feebly incised, the submarginal spots above small, the last 
on the forewing and the first on the hindwing usually only indicated, the two spots placed in the subcostal fork 
on the under surface of the forewing separated, the red spots of the hindwing entirely or almost entirely without 
cheronus. white edging, hence deeper red than in continental specimens. Andamans. — cheronus Fruhst. The Indo-Chinese 
petina. subspecies is strongly horodimorphic. The spring form, f. vern. petina form. nov. (= acheron, Fruhst. nec Moore), 
is small and has a broad median band, moreover the submarginal spots of the under surface are very much enlarged. 
The summer form, f. aest. cheronus Fruhst., is larger, the abdomen is for the most part dusted with white, the 
median band of both wings is narrower and the submarginal spots of the under surface are less enlarged. In both 
forms the band of the hindwing is incised at the costal and hindmargins of the cell, the two spots on the under 
surface of the forewing placed in the subcostal fork are united, in the summer form, however, often separated 
by a thin brownish streak, and the last submarginal spot on the forewing beneath is always well developed. 
mecisteus. Sikkim, Assam, Burma, Tenasserim, Siam, Tonkin, Hainan, probably everywhere in Indo-China. — mecisteus Dist. 
About as large a s the spring specimens of the preceding subspecies, the wings less broad, the median band narrower, 
the submarginal spots somewhat smaller even than in the summer form of cheronus, the spots placed in the sub¬ 
costal fork on the underside of the forewing separated, rarely touching one another, the abdomen above not 
gordion. dusted with white. Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Palawan, Java. — gordion Fldr. (= tagalicus Fruhst.) (44a). 
Abdomen above more or less whitish, the band of the hindwing above white-scaled, hence in and below the cell less 
green than in mecisteus and cheronus. Somewhat larger than mecisteus, the median band broader. Philippines, 
perhaps on all the islands, but only known to me from Mindoro and Luzon, according to Fruhstorfer on Bazilan. 
insularius. insularius Bothsch. (= lucius Fruhst., sallastius, Fruhst. nec Stgr.). Much paler green than the preceding forms, 
the band of the forewing narrower, the last two patches always contiguous, the antipenultimate more regularly 
rounded towards the cell than in mecisteus; the ornamental spots of the under surface commonly yellow, small, 
the apex of the cell of the hindwing with silver spot or ring, without red, yet often a small red spot before the 
apex of the cell. Sometimes the band of the hindwing and the submarginal spots on the under surface strongly 
enlarged and the short brown costal band of the hindwing entirely separated from the brown subbasal band (as in 
sallastinus. doson). Ivalao and Djampea. — sallastinus Fruhst. (= gabinus Fruhst.). Like the preceding subspecies in the 
pale colouring, the median band of both wings even more reduced, its spots usually all separated, the two last 
patches occasionally united, the submarginal spots on the upper surface larger than in insularius. Sumbawa, 
aloricus. Sumba, Flores. — aloricus Fruhst. Not known to me in nature. According to the author essentially larger and 
