PAPILIO. By Dr. Ii. Jordan. 
103 
a narrow black band which bears a red streak extending from the costal margin to the cell, in the apex of the cell 
a grey ring or half ring, similar spots, filled up with black, on the disc. The $ paler than the The larva similar 
to that of P. agamemnon, on Anona muricata. The butterfly not rare. — rubrosignatus Rothsch. The middle 
discal spots of the forewing beneath not scaled towards the cell, the under surface of the hindwing with red spot 
before the abdominal margin. Northern Moluccas: Batjan, Halmaheira, Obi. — wallacei Hew. (46 b). The discal wallacei. 
patches of the forewing beneath fully scaled, the underside of the hindwing without red spot before the abdominal 
margin. Aru, Waigeu and the whole of New Guinea. 
P. browni Godm. & Salv. (46 c). The discal band of the hindwing narrow and linear before the hind- browni. 
margin, the green costal patch on the under surface of the hindwing divided in the middle, with red spot before 
the costal vein, the part of the green patch placed in the cell is very small or entirely absent, two red spots between 
the apex of the cell and abdominal margin. — New Pomerania, New’ Lauenburg, New Mecklenburg, Nussa, 
New Hanover. In the woods, where the butterflies fly round the tops of trees. 
P. hicetaon Math. The discal band of the forewing broader than in browni, but narrower than in wallacei ; hicetaon. 
upper surface of the hindwing entirely or almost entirely without costal spot, beneath the red costal streak reaches 
to the cell, distally to this streak there is either no green spot or only a very small one, on the other hand at 
its proximal side there is invariably a large green double spot, which always only extends to the cell. — Solomon 
Islands, known from Bougainville, Shortlands Islands, Choiseul, Florida, Guadalcanal’, Ugi, Bendova, Vella 
Lavella, Guizo. 
Macareus-Group. 
The 1st subcostal of the forewing runs into the costal. Ground-colour of the wings pure white or with 
greenish tinge, the veins black-striped, the interspaces with light longitudinal stripes as in Danaus, sometimes, 
however, almost all the light markings or also the vein-stripes suppressed (mimics of Euploeas). The under 
surface of the hindwing without red or yellow ornamental spots, except that an anal spot is often present; the 
hindwing rounded, with the exception of P. phidias, which is tailed. 
These mimetic species must evidently be derived from tailed forms which were allied to P. aristeus and 
P. antiphates. Concerning the earlier stages nothing in known. The butterflies are inhabitants of the woods and 
have quite the sluggish flight of the Danaids. The species were formerly erroneously placed near P. clytia. 
They may be grouped as follows: 
A. Tailed: P. phidias. 
B. Tailless: 
1. Abdomen with black median line on the underside: P. macareus, xenocles, leticothoe, delesserti. 
2. Abdomen without black median line on the underside, the cell of the hindwing very narrow: 
P. megarus, megaera, stratocles, deucalion, thule. 
3. Abdomen without black median line on the underside, the cell of the hindwing broad at the point 
of origin of the subcostal vein, the light parts of the wing also above all scaled: P. idaeoides, 
encelades. 
A. Phidias-Subgroup. 
Tailed. Only one species known. 
P. phidias Oberth. One of the most interesting butterfly discoveries of recent times, the species being phidias. 
a precursor of the tailless mimetic forms. Wings black with the following white marks: on the forewing five 
cell-bands placed almost perpendicularly to the hindmargin of the cell, below the cell a broad band divided into 
longitudinal patches by the black veins, which is continued costad from the 3 rd radial by two rows of small spots; 
between this band and the distal margin a row of linear longitudinal spots, two in each marginal cell: hindwing 
from the base to the apex of the cell white, with black stripes as in P. eurous, distal part of the wing brown-black 
with small light submarginal spots, double yellow anal spot and before this some small yellow spots; tail narrow, 
about as long as the distance from the apex of the cell to the distal margin. — Annam. Three $<$ in coll. Oberthur. 
B. Macareus-Subgroup. 
Tailless. 
P. macareus. Abdomen with black median line on the underside. The scent-organ of the strongly 
developed. Wings above black or brownish black with white or greenish white markings. G: cell of the forewing 
with 3 stripes, which are sometimes broken up into small spots, and 2 apical spots, outside the apex of the cell 
a row of 4 dots, distally to these 4 spots, between the 2 nd radial and the hindmargin 5 stripes, of which the 
3 rd and 4 th (separated by the submedian fold) are sometimes completely confluent; hindwing from the base striped 
with white, the cell entirely or for the most part white, with black transverse line before the apex, on both wings 
a row of submarginal spots. Under surface brownish, the light markings in the distal third of the hindwing mostly 
less distinct than above. The $ in some districts similar to the i n others much darker. Sometimes there 
