Publ. 14. 1. 1910. LEPTOSIA; LEUCIACRIA; ELODINA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
121 
4 
1. Genus: Leptosia Hbn. 
Small, delicate, white butterflies, irrorated beneath and with the forewing rounded. Antenna long 
and spindle-shaped with compressed club. Palpi short but hairy, the hairs long anteriorly. Subcostal three- 
branched, with two branches before the end of the cell. Egg blue; larva similar to that of Terias hecabe, but 
more delicately green and with fine hairs; on Capparis and Crataeva. Pupa green shaded with various colours. 
The butterflies occur in large numbers. They have a slow but irregular flight, are found at open places in the 
woods and at their edges in the undergrowth, and are fondest of thorn-bushes. 
L. xiphia F. (62 f), distributed over the whole of India and Ceylon, also found by me in Siam and 
Annam. An inhabitant of the plains, but ascends to 7000 ft., and sometimes appears in such crowds that the 
English in India call it „the wandering snow-flake 11 . The under surface is finely spotted with greenish with 
traces of two more distinct transverse bands on the forewing. — nicobarica Doll, is an island race with very 
narrow black distal margin to the forewing, and otherwise more reduced and paler markings; Nicobars. — 
malayana subsp. nov. A somewhat larger subspecies, but nevertheless with smaller subapical spot in the fore¬ 
wing; beneath with two distinctly prominent greenish transverse bands. The larger Sunda Islands and Malay 
Peninsula, with the exception of Java, where chlorographa Hbn. (62 f) occurs, with relatively large black dot 
on the forewing and uniformly yellow-spotted under surface of the hindwing without band. Java, Bali; 
common in the dry season and ascending to 3000 ft. — fumigata Fruhst. (62 g) is an unusually large race 
with broad subapical spot and the under surface of both wings densely dusted with black. The butterfly 
ascends to 2000 ft. and occurs at the edges of woods by the sea-shore in April-May in a profusion which is 
often quite bewildering; over and over again I have found them in the net even when I have been in quest 
of other species. Lombok to Flores. — aurisparsa subsp. nov. (62 g) is perhaps only a dry-season form of 
the preceding with gold-yellow scales on the hindwing beneath. Savu Island, August. — comma Fruhst. 
(62 f) is a well-marked race in which the tip of the subapical dot is constantly united with the apical margin 
of the forewing. Islands of the Timor Group, Key, Timor-Laut. — aebutia subsp. nov. is a form with the 
subapical spot of the forewing as large as in fumigata, but sprinkled with light yellow beneath. Tana-Djampea, 
Ivalao; flies in December. — dione Wall., a distinct local form, as large as fumigata, but without a trace of 
a black apical margin on the forewing, with a roundish subapical patch placed much more proximally and yellow¬ 
ish-scaled under surface. Hitherto only observed in the immediate neighbourhood of Macassar. South Celebes. 
— terentia subsp. nov. is likewise somewhat deficient in black markings, also beneath very pale; the apical spot 
of the forewing only reaches to the upper radial, but is sharply defined. South Philippines, Bazilan, February, 
March; Mindanao. —- georgi subsp. nov. The reverse of the preceding, with broad, diffuse black markings; 
the apical margin of the forewing reaches to the middle of the wing; but under surface pale, almost without 
green-yellow scaling. North Philippines, Luzon; flies in August, November. — niobe Wall. The most north¬ 
erly race known, similar to terentia, hut the very deep black apical margin to the forewing bearing but indis¬ 
tinct grey scaling; the transverse bands on the hindwing beneath distinct. Very common in Formosa, where 
it ascends to 4000 ft. 
L. lignea Vollenh., unknown to me in nature; a narrow-winged species, with grey-black-margined 
hindwing, without costal spot on the forewing, but with the subapical spot prolonged into a band. The whole 
underside of both wings powdered with dark brown-grey. Very rare. Minahassa, North Celebes. 
2. Genus: Eeuciacria R. & J. 
This interesting genus is very nearly allied to Elodina, from which it differs in the broader, shorter cell 
of both wings and in the second subcostal vein arising before the apex of the cell of the forewing. Only one 
species known. 
L. acuta R. & J. (73 a). Under surface of the forewing slightly glossy, thereby recalling the South 
American Leptophobia. Cell of the forewing almost imperceptibly tinged with yellow. Hindwing as in most 
Elodina with yellow, sharply defined costal margin. The black apical margin of the upper surface feebly trans¬ 
parent. Only a few specimens known, which were discovered by Meek at an elevation of over 6000 ft. in Bri¬ 
tish New Guinea. 
3. Genus: Elodina Fldr. 
Small, delicate, mostly milk-white, rarely yellow or black butterflies with pointed forewing. The 
second subcostal branch arises at a shorter or longer distance beyond the apex of the cell. The life-history of 
the species is not known. The forms hitherto found are indigenous to the Australian faunistic region and its 
subregions and exclusively inhabit the lowlands. 
xiphia. 
nicobarica. 
malayana. 
chloro¬ 
grapha . 
fumigata. 
aurisparsa. 
comma. 
aebutia. 
dione. 
terentia. 
georgi. 
niobe. 
lignea. 
acuta. 
IX 
16 
