infumala. 
annamitica. 
singhapura. 
indistincta. 
agoranis. 
themis. 
soteira. 
kuehni. 
sulana. 
baracasa. 
cathara. 
danala. 
dives. 
dorimene. 
rothschildi. 
echidna. 
melusina. 
eucharis. 
124 DELIAS. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
submarginal dots; the hindwing above in the dry-season-form light orange and in the wet form dark orange-colour. 
Inhabits the valleys of Sikkim, where it occurs from March to December. — infumata Fruhst. (54e) has almost 
entirely black forewing and the distal border of the hindwing often extends nearly to the wall of the cell. Assam, 
Tenasserim, taken in May at an elevation of 4000 ft. — annamitica Fruhst. (54 e), with the forewing somewhat less 
suffused with black, the under surface only a little darker than in Sikkim examples. The $ has the upperside of the 
forewing uniformly and delicately suffused with light grey, that of the hindwing pale yellow with sharply defined distal 
margin. Locality: South Annam, February, at about 5000 ft., where they had chosen the summit of a treeless hill 
covered with a few native huts as the scene of a nuptial flight. The swift-winged butterflies came out of the neigh¬ 
bouring wood and flew over a marshy swamp, only sparsely overgrown with brushwood, and then suddenly darted 
away uphill, high above the grass roofs of the houses. Only when a butterfly occasionally strayed away in the ardour 
of the pursuit were my hunters able to catch it and it took us over an hour to capture some three $$ and 
D. singhapura Wall., usually somewhat larger than the preceding, with uniformly grey-black-powdered 
distal part of forewing and lemon-yellow under surface to the hindwing. Very rare, hitherto only the type spe¬ 
cimen is known from Singapore. — indistincta Fruhst. (55 d), forewing beneath with the black shading twice 
as broad as in the preceding. In North and South Borneo, not very rare.— agoranis Gr.-Sm., with more sharply 
defined, deep black apical border and especially broad submarginal bands on the underside of the hindwing; 
inhabits Tenasserim and the Shan States. 
D. themis Hew., from Mindanao, with the deep black distal margin more sharply expressed but essen¬ 
tially narrower than in soteira subs-p. nov. (55 d), from Luzon, which is also distinguishable beneath by much 
narrower white circumcellular spots on the forewing. 
D. kuehni Hour, approximates to themis, with the forewing entirely black beneath. Hindwing with 
three light yellow submarginal spots. Bangkai Island, near Celebes, only a few specimens known. — sulana 
Stgr., a good local form, with larger white spots on the forewing and six yellow and yellow-grey submarginal 
patches on the hindwing beneath. Only 1 $ known; Sula Mangoli. 
D. baracasa Semp., a small species parallel to themis and agostina, which has advanced southwards to 
Sumatra. The under surface of both wings white with narrow black bands and a thin submarginal band of the 
same colour. Only the base of the hindwing is suffused with greenish j^ellow. Hitherto only 1 £ known, from 
South-East Mindanao. —- cathara Gr.-Srn. (55 d), a strongly darkened local form from the Kina Balu, with entirely 
yellow upper surface to the hindwing and confluent black bands. -— In danala Nicev. (— karo Hag.) (55 d, e), 
from the mountains of Sumatra, there is a conspicuous row of white subapical dots on the upperside of the fore¬ 
wing, which beneath assume a yellow colour, as is also the case with the submarginal spots on the under surface 
of the hindwing in the $$. — dives Nicev., from Penang. Upper surface of the forewing similar to that of cathara, 
only slightly scaled with black. Under surface of the hindwing light ochre-yellow without submarginal band 
and with only a narrow black distal margin. Whether it is a distinct species cannot be decided with 
certainty, as dives is not known to me in nature. 
D. dorimene Cr. (55 b). The figure shows the upperside of the and the underside of the $. The under 
surface of the SG only differs from that of the in the narrower black distal margin and smaller yellow patches. 
Common on the South Moluccas: Amboina, Ceram. — On Burn occurs the race rothschildi Holl., with smaller 
white submarginal spots on the forewing. On the hindwing, however, these patches are enlarged and the black 
marginal band is broader. Only 1 $ known. 
D. echidna Hew. (52 c), from Ceram, has apparently not been found again since 1861, as only the type 
in the British Museum is known. The upper surface according to Hewitson is white, with black costal margin 
and finely dentate distal margin to the forewing. Hindwing likewise with black distal margin, which proximally 
is finely dusted with grey. 
D. melusina Stgr., a mountain species from the north of Celebes, has beneath some resemblance to echidna, 
but the whitish subapical spot of the forewing is absent. All the submarginal spots are strongly reduced, the 
base and the discal area of the forewing blue-grey. The upper surface is blue-white, with black areas on 
both wings, 
b. Under surface of the hindwing without red or yellow basal spot, but with red or yellowish submarginal spots. 
D. eucharis Drury (51 a). Characterised by the gorgeous submarginal spots, which are above rose- 
coloured, beneath light red bordered with white, distally somewhat pointed, otherwise quadrate. The apex 
of the forewing and the upper surface of the hindwing suffused with a beautiful light yellow. The butterfly lays 
20—30 eggs on the underside of leaves in parallel rows. The larvae are polyphagous and are often found 
in thousands, but suffer from ichneumons and parasitic flies. The" pupae are fastened closely to the leaves by 
) Cf. addenda.' 
