DANAIDA. By II. Fruhstorfcr. 
213 
with broad transverse stripe, that of the hindwing of the without fork, with only the vestiges of a 
fine line. -—■ lycosura subsp. nov. is the race from the small island of Bonerate; it singularly is somewhat lycosura. 
larger than kallatia, but at the same time has smaller and hence more isolated postdiscal patches on the 
hindwing and more delicate, small subapical wedge-spots on the forewing. — sitah Fruhst., from the Natuna sitah. 
Islands, is distinguished by the narrower and longer forewing, in which it differs from juventa and from 
the following races, sitah is a melanotic island form, with the hyaline spots reduced and the black colour 
more extended. All the patches are of a more greenish than yellowish white colour. The under surface 
of the wings is more black than brown, all the ultracellular spots shorter and narrower. The submarginal 
dots are however more extended, larger and more distinct. —• kinitls Fruhst. North Borneo produces a kinitis. 
further race, which approaches manillana Moore from Luzon. 2 $$ and 2 in my collection differ from 
juventa from Java in the larger whitish patches on both wings, the intermedian spots especially are much 
broadened. The forewing is broader and shorter than in sitah; all the subapical streaks longer. Sandakan 
and neighbourhood of Labuan, North Borneo, and probably also PalaAvan. — goria Fruhst ., from Bazilan, rjoria. 
is intermediate between kinitis and manillana; as in sitah the hyaline patches are of a more blue-green than 
whitish colour. The black distal border of both wings is much darker than in the allied races, the sub¬ 
marginal white dots smaller than in kinitis. The ultracellular patches are shorter, neither round, as in 
juventa, nor almost quadrate, as in kinitis, but distally pointed. The transcellular spots of the hindwing 
are very small, scarcely J / 3 as large as in manillana and hardly more than half as large as in kinitis. 
Bazilan. near Mindanao. — galaecia subsp. nov. is the antithesis of goria, very small, transparently white, galaecia. 
with the transcellular spots on both wings sharply defined distally, more quadrate than rounded and 
much more extended than in goria, restricting the black distal border. Locality unknown, probably Min¬ 
doro or islands of the Negros Group. •— manillana Moore is the very common race from Luzon, which manillana. 
Semper assumes to be seasonally variable. Although the postdiscal patches of the hindwing are well 
developed, they are distally pointed, scarcely half as broad as in galaecia. Larva on a climbing plant, 
legs carmine, and dorsal colouring whitish. — luzonica Moore according to Semper only occurs on the luzonica. 
Babuyanes to the north of Luzon; but in conformity with the law's of the Zoological Society the mis¬ 
leading name has to be retained, luzonica is a highly specialized island form, of typical melanotic colouring, 
very large, with relatively small, isolated white rounded spots on the forewing, which like the pointed 
postdiscal stripes of the hindwing are placed in a much widened black marginal area. The black stripes 
at the submedian of the forewing very long and broad. -— lirungensis Fruhst. is a peculiar, large-spotted lirungensis. 
geographical form from the Talaut Islands to the north of Celebes, which forms a transition to the races 
of this island and the Moluccas. Borewing with projecting apex, hut broader than in the Philippine races, 
the colour of the transparent areas greenish, submedian stripe of the forewing short but thick, cell likewise 
with strong but much abbreviated basal streak, postdiscal spots of the hindwing very small, remote from 
the cell-wall. Island of Lirung in the Talaut Group. — On the many-armed island of Celebes itself juventa 
is split up into three named races: libussa Fruhst. inhabits the most northerly part of Celebes, the Mina- libussa. 
hasa, and extends to the south-east as far as Kendari, and moreover onto the islands of Peling and Bang- 
kai, apparently without varying. Margins of the wings black-brown with greenish white transparent areas 
and small dull white submarginal dots. As a rule smaller and the $ with larger spots than tontoliensis tontoliensis. 
Fruhst. (77 a), which is only known to me from Toli-Toli in north-western Celebes. The cell-stripes of the 
forewing, and even the intramedian areas, are darkened, being covered with black-brown scales, the sub¬ 
marginal dots reduced, the whitish areas on the under surface likewise shaded, tontoliensis is piobably 
a product of the rainy season, as is also indicated by the size of the specimens. Very common at the 
edge of the woods on the coast in November to December, where the butterfly is found on low flowering 
bushes, always in large numbers. — Essentially different is taw ay a Fruhst., which gives quite the impres- tawaya. 
sion of a dry-season form, and is based on a $ taken at that period. The cell-stripes and also the hyaline 
areas of both wings are broadened and like the submarginal spots purer white, an albinotic effect which 
is almost more noticeable on the under surface than above. Type from Tawaya, a place in the Ba^y of 
Donggala, in Central Celebes. — islima Btlr., figured by its author from Celebes examples, but whose ishma. 
locality is erroneously given as Gilolo, is the race which inhabits the south peninsula of the island and 
occurs in great abundance especially near Macassar and at the waterfall of Maros. ishma is next to tawaya 
the lightest form of the island, with almost pure white instead of greenish vitreous patches and very 
large cell-spots on the forewing. Moreover on the underside it is easy to distinguish from the eastern and 
northern Celebes subspecies by the more prominent double row of white submarginal dots on both wings. — 
satellitica Fruhst. inhabits Saleyer, where it is not rare from November to March; its small size, the reduced satellitica. 
whitish patches and areas and broader black veins give the distinctive facies of a race inhabiting an out¬ 
lying island. — sophonisbe Fruhst. closely approaches it in the small wing-expanse, but like cleona lucida sophonisbe. 
Fruhst. bears glossy, very light vitreous areas and patches on both wings, which approximate to those of 
tawaya in shape. Submarginal dots pure white, especially those of the $$. Sula Mangoli. —- sequana sequana. 
subsp. nov. was discovered by H. Kuhn on Binongka, a small island to the east of Buton. In this all 
the transparent areas are even lighter, the butterflies are larger than those of the Sula Islands and Saleyer, 
