224 
HESTIA. By H. Frulistorfer. 
always confluent with the black patch at the discocellular and the dentate band of the forewing is broader 
phlegeton. beneath. Tanah-Djampea. •— phlegeton Fruhst. (75 c) is distinguished by the broad, deep black distal 
border of both wings, the much darkened costal margin to the forewing and the extended irregular trans¬ 
verse band in the cell of the forewing. The black border is absent on the under surface, but it shows 
through from above, the stripes of the hindwing bear cuff-shaped markings, which are united into a 
munaensis. continuous band on the forewing. Tukan-Besi Islands, to the south-east of Celebes. — munaensis Fruhst. 
approximates to the preceding, but the marginal border is less dark and not so sharply defined, on the 
other hand on the forewing appreciably broader and as on the hindwing more uniformly decreasing. Island 
of Muna near Buton. Only 1 $ known, which was captured by Dr. Sarasin on the 26 th December 1895 
and is in the Museum at Basle. 
H. idea, one of the best known species and a characteristic butterfly of the Moluccas, occurs in 
great abundance particularly on Ceram. Ribbe collected there in a short time over 2000 examples. 
The species differs from blanchardi in an unimportant but constant character, namely the occurrence of 
large wedge-shaped submarginal patches on the forewing, frequently united into a band. Also as a rule 
the black dot in the middle of the costal area of the hindwing beneath is absent. Valve of more irregular 
outline distally, and deeply sinuate in the central part ( blanchardi is here concave), the upper tooth more 
novella, obtuse than in blanchardi. ■ — Under the name novella subsp. nov. (75 b) are united three only slightly 
idea, differentiated races from Banda, Goram and Ceram, which only differ from the long-known idea Clerk. 
( = agelia Godt.) in the narrower black transverse bands in the cell of the forewing and the somewhat 
smaller black markings, idea is one of the commonest butterflies on Amboina and Saparoea. 
All the following races of the aza- and d’urvillei- group have in common a mostly narrow black 
distal border, which is composed of the confluent cuff-shaped figures of the intraneural streaks of the hind¬ 
wing and encloses round white dots. 
H. aza Bdv., from Buru, is very similar to hertha Fruhst. (74 b), from Sula-Besi, but 
essentially larger, with stronger wedge-spots on both wings and the marginal bands nearly twice 
as broad. Moreover the spot in the cell of the forewing and the stripes in the cell of the hindwing 
sula. are more distinct resp. broader, aza is rather rare on Buru. — sula Nicev. is somewhat larger than 
hertha, apical part of the wing with more isolated, i. e. narrower strigae, the marginal and sub¬ 
marginal markings narrower. The spots on the underside of the hindwing more strongly margined with 
black and the costal patch much larger than in hertha. Sula Mangoli. Valve essentially different from 
that of idea, narrower, more irregular, without central sinus and only armed with 2 very pointed teeth of 
theta, equal length. — In theia Fruhst. (74 c) the wedge-spots of both wings are united with the black marginal 
band and shorter than in aza. theia is very common on the Northern Moluccas and passes under the name 
agelia, which, however, is a synonym of idea. Valve similar to that of hertha, but with only one very long 
obiana. dorsal tooth and two short protuberances below it. — - obiana Fruhst. (74 c) is an unimportant local form, 
only differing from theia in having the black colouring somewhat reduced. The transverse cell-spot of the 
vosseleri. forewing in particular is narrowed. Obi, not rare. —- vosseleri Fruhst. is smaller than theia and obiana and 
its forewing has the cell completely blackened and the black patches twice as broad. Under surface of 
both wings with very thick black veins, the white submarginal dots very small, partially absent. Locality 
unknown. Perhaps only a melanotic aberration of theia. 
H. d'urvillei forms the natural continuation of the preceding species in the Papuan region, where, 
however, it reaches the limit of its range in the western part of Dutch New Guinea and the islands in 
Geelvink Bay. All the races belonging to it, of which, however, we only know a small part, have in 
common a broad black transverse band on the forewing and a strongly expressed black distal border on 
the hindwing, the extent and development of which vary according to the locality. The valve is character¬ 
ized by a deep dorsal sinus, and a relatively narrow distal extremity, projecting more than in other 
species and provided with only 2 equally large teeth. A forest species like all the Hestia, and the 
d’urvillei. Key race is said to fly about among the trees at a great height above the ground. •— - d'urvillei Bdv. (75 a). 
The name-type only occurs on Waigeu, where it is apparently rare, but as Boisduval erroneously 
nike. located it in New Guinea, the much darker nike Fruhst. (75 a) from Dutch New Guinea passes under this 
name in collections, nike differs from d’urvillei in the materially widened discal band, the darkened apex 
and the reduced white marginal dots on the forewing. Moreover, the intraneural streaks on the hindwing 
are more pronounced, united with the black distal border for a great distance. Dorey, Arfak Mountains 
metris. and Kapaur. —• metris Fruhst. (75 b), from Salewatti, is the darkest extreme of the species. The cell of 
the fore wing is almost entirely blackened, the submarginal streaks are broadened and on the hindwing the 
black-brown border extends to the middle of the wing, moreover the cell-stripes of the hindwing are 
hemera. stronger. — hemera Fruhst. from the island of Biak. The bands of the forewing are again narrower than 
in nike and metris, but still somewhat broader than in d’urvillei, and the marginal region of the hindwing 
is likewise, essentially darker than in examples from the main island of New Guinea. Hence hemera forms 
