EUPLOEA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
231 
median and marginal spots. $ beneath light coffee-brown with darker marginal area, slightly tinged with vio¬ 
let. — hypanis norm. nov. for the preoccupied ochsenheimeri Moore I propose for the Javan subspecies, with hypunis. 
still smaller expanse, above dark silky brown, with very small white marginal and discal patches. The for¬ 
mer are repeated in more strongly expressed and more complete rows on the under surface. Java, very rare, 
not met with there by me.— scudded Bilr. as a rule surpasses malayica in size, but has a melanotic appear- scudderi. 
ance on account of the much reduced white spots, which in from South-East Borneo are sometimes en¬ 
tirely absent above. Borneo.— claudlna Stgr., from Palawan, differs essentially from all the allied island forms claudina. 
in the brilliant blue iridescence of the upperside and the much enlarged, pure white patches, which on the hind¬ 
wing are elongate instead of rounded. 
E. cratis Btlr., an extremely rare species, hitherto only found at Cape Engano on Luzon and on the cratis. 
Babuyanes Islands to the north of Luzon. The markings are similar to those of suluana (84 d), but there are 
in addition a large crescent-shaped cell-spot and 4 yellowish circumcellular patches on the forewing. Submar¬ 
ginal spots, particularly between the median veins, large, heart-shaped, the discal row of the hindwing ex¬ 
tending from the costal towards the anal margin and gradually increasing in length. 
E. modesta Bilr. (= cupreipennis Moore, tavoyana Moore, mouhoti Moore) may be called one of the modesia. 
characteristic butterflies of Further India, modesta is by far the commonest Euploea of Central Siam, where 
I met with it in many thousands in January and February. Even on the railway from Bangkok to Korat, 
where the first hills rise from the rice-covered plains, they occur in perfect clouds, mixed with Pierids and all 
flying off together in confusion when frightened by the engine. Also when the woods were crossed they ap¬ 
peared in hundreds from their hiding-places in the thickets. Until the middle of February I found exclusive¬ 
ly worn examples, but then (simultaneously with Pap. tavoyanus) the first generation began to emerge, 
which with its intensive and wonderful blue reflection on the violet-brown wings (when worn copper-coloured!) 
does not justify the name modesta. From the relatively short scent-pencils, which are projected with difficul¬ 
ty, the species emits an extremely agreeable odour. Though varying much in size (forewing 38—45 mm in 
length), it is very constant in markings. It resembles a miniature camaralzaman (79 c). Tenasserim to South 
Annam, Cambodja, Island of Salanga. —- buxtorai Moore (81 b) is a much darkened race, whose occurrence buxtoni. 
on Sumatra has hitherto been doubted. I have, however, received 5—8 examples from the neighbourhood 
of Padang Pandjang in the western part of the island. The wings are still darker than in Siam $<§ and have 
not such beautiful blue reflection, the white double row of submarginal dots on the hindwing somewhat 
reduced. — Iorzae Moore apparently replaces the species in North Borneo, unknown to me in nature, lorzae. 
according to its author’s figure it bears 3 moderately large, wedge-shaped white subapical spots on the 
fore wing. 
E. cameralzaman Btlr. (79 c) is not only one of the largest and most beautiful Euploeas, but also one cameral- 
of the most pleasant-scented butterflies of South Asia, the $$ emitting a very ageeable, sweet scent of vanilla. zaman - 
According to my observations the butterfly always traverses the forest-shades singly at about 2—3 m. above 
the ground and only during the morning, and is always very rare; seen from a distance it recalls South American 
Morphids. It was not possible in the figure to reproduce the wonderful blue gloss which overspreads the prox¬ 
imal 2 / 3 of the wings. The type came from Chentabun, Siam; taken by me at the Muoklek River in January - 
February, it has recently been discovered also in South Tenasserim. — A $-form with a third row of white 
dots in the middle of the hindwing has been described by Moore as carpenteri from the islands of the Mergui carpenteri. 
Archipelago. 
E. deheeri Doh. inhabits the most westerly islands of Micromalayana. The name-type came from Sum- deheeri. 
bawa. It may best be compared with werneri (86 d), from which it is easy to distinguish by the absence of all 
the median markings of the forewing and almost all the submarginal dots of the hindwing. The underside of the 
hindwing is characterized by a yellowish belt with blue-white patches, which are absent in werneri. — suavis- suavissima. 
sima Fruhst. is based on a series of examples with elongate white streaks, often somewhat tinged with violet, 
on the hindwing, which recall cratis from the Philippines. Submarginal patches of the forewing above most¬ 
ly violet. Lombok, at 5—700 m, not very rare, April-June. — salinator Fruhst., from Alor, differs in the salinator. 
rounded, whitish violet submarginal spots on the forewing above, which are more than twice as large, and in 
the much darkened under surface, whose white dots are all smaller. — Finally, lamos Fruhst. is a very rare lamos. 
race from East Java. forewing dark brown with intensive blue-violet sheen, a row of 8 large, pure white 
submarginal patches, arranged as in werneri (86 c), 4 indistinct, partially violet transcellular spots and the 
usual costal and cell-spot. Hindwing lighter brown, especially distally, with only one row of 4 distinct sub¬ 
marginal dots. Under surface with the broad violet streak at the submedian, which is always absent in era- 
meri-^F, but as a rule is present in deheeri. Hindwing without the yellowish pale median area which deheeri 
and suavissima have in common, in this respect forming a transition to the remarkable Flores race. — kuehni kuehni. 
