260 
EUPLOEA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
cell on the f'orewing and the transcellular patches larger than in hollandi. ? very rare, approaching that of 
rolanda. semicirculus Btlr. in the lighter brown basal region of the forewing. — rolanda Fruhst., from Mangoli, one of 
the Sula Islands, has likewise a light brown ? with the light violet discal patches of the forewing more than 
twice as broad as in irma and semicirculus and with a double row of larger white submarginal spots also on 
the hindwing. & dark brown with very slight distal blue reflection. Cell of the forewing surrounded with 
light grey-violet strigae. Under surface in both sexes with very large white intramedian wedge-spots. — 
locupletior. locupletior Fruhst. forms a transition between brownish Macroploeas from the Sunda Islands and the brilliantly 
blue-iridescent species of the Papuan region and most nearly approaches in appearance Macroploea euthoe Fldr. 
from Am. Forewing with a marginal row of pure white dots, a submarginal row of light violet, white-dotted 
patches, which extend nearly to the submedian, a proximal, parallel row of blue spots with but little white. 
On the underside of the forewing the markings of the upperside are reproduced, but are smaller and almost 
entirely pure white. In addition there is an ultracellular row of three white spots, of which the two intra- 
median ones are very large, that below the lower median vein very small. Esang, one of the Talaut 
Islands to the north of Celebes. 
c-A- 
unibrunnea. E. unibrunnea G(\dt. is the oldest name for the unicolorous brown form of the commoner light, whitish 
browni. violet browni Godt. (79a). Between these all gradations in brown and whitish violet occur, one of which, a 
pretty uniformly light tobacco-brown form, has been described as majuma Ribbe. The cfcT of browni do not 
vary materially on the upper surface, beneath on the contrary the tobacco-brown colour varies in extent. The 
under surface of the cTcT bears around the cell of the hindwing more or less distinct opalescent white discal 
majuma. spots, which are absent in the ??. — In the form majuma Ribbe these spots are sharply defined on the brown 
ground, and they are also present on the underside of the forewing. Pupa with golden gloss. Larva and 
heurippa. food-plant apparently still unknown. Bismarck Archipelago, on all the islands. — heurippa Godm., from the 
Solomons, I unhesitatingly refer as a local form to unibrunnea, and must even leave the question open whether 
unibrunnea is not also only a phaenarete- race. Ground-colour dark brown, dull, without reflection. Forewing 
with very long light brown thin streaks at the costal margin above the cell and five small, indistinct grey- 
violet submarginal spots, which are sometimes entirely absent. Forewing beneath with large horseshoe-shaped 
whitish blue spot before the apex of the cell, in place of which the representative forms bear a rounded 
patch. Occurs on the Shortland Islands, where it is not common, heurippa is fond of the dense woods and 
is a sluggish butterfly, which is only rarely flushed, and easy to catch. 
E. callithoe is a purely Papuan species, which is indeed somewhat smaller than the Moluccan phaenarete, 
but is otherwise the most beautiful of the whole genus. In addition to its gorgeous colouring the collective 
species is distinguished by the most extensive sexual heteromorphism and to its tendency to geographical 
polymorphism is to be attributed the fact that it already possesses a number of names, callithoe reaches its 
highest development in Kaiser-Wilhelmsland, where two local races occur, which have hitherto been always 
callithoe. confused. — callithoe Bdv., the name-type, comes from northern Dutch New Guinea and probably from Geelvink 
Bay (Dorey). Boisduval concisely describes the form figured 79a as follows: “Wings black-brown, with violet 
sheen. Forewing with a curved macular transverse band, a thick punctiform spot in the cell and two rows 
of pale blue marginal dots. Hindwing with some marginal dots towards the apical angle.“ The under surface 
is figured in Iris 1895, pi. IV, and shows on the forewing three transcellular white intramedian spots and on 
the hindwing a discal row of five small blue elongate stripes and an incomplete row of small admarginal 
dots. Together with it occurs not rarely at Dorey an aberration which we meet with in the entire range 
of distribution of the species, with two very strong glossy blue patches, which are placed isolated before the 
biplagiata. discocellular of the forewing (biplagiata form. nov.). From Sorong, the north-east cape of the main island, 
and from Mysol, a satellite-island, I possess six cfcf which bear on the hindwing beneath either no blue 
privata. discal spots at all or only obsolete ones (privata form. nov.). The nomenclature of the forms from Kaiser- 
Wilhelmsland is very complicated, as neither I Ionrath nor Staudinger was aware that two faunistic regions 
there come together within a short distance, namely that of Astrolabe Bay with Friedrich-Wilhelmshafen, 
whose races in general approach those of the Dutch Humboldt Bay, and that of Finshhafen, Simbang, which 
with its melanotic branch-races is allied to the north-eastern part of British New Guinea. We have already 
become acquainted with analogous cases in Radena juventa and Euploea tulliolus, and in these giant Euploeas 
havsemanni they are even more manifest. — hansemanni Hour., from Simbang (Finschhafen), must be given priority as 
the oldest name; at the same time the c? is figured here for the first time (79b) and renders a description 
unnecessary. The ? belonging to it is figured by Honrath Berl. Ent. Zeitschrift pi. V, f. l, it resembles that 
of mesocala (79b), except that it has a still more extended white patch, reaching the base of the forewing, 
and with a more blue than violet border. As far as is known the ?? of the Finschhafen race do not vary 
duerrsteini. so considerably as those of the local form from Astrolabe Bay. — duerrsteini Stgr., originally described from 
Hatzfeldhafen, further to the west, and recognizably figured Iris 1890 pi. IV f. 2 and 8, is the form most 
