290 
YPTHIMA. By H. Fruhstorfer 
are larger than in the Bali form, sciravus shows a tendency to produce aberrations, as out of four (Yo I 
leuce. possess two with the yellow bordering of the ocelli enormously developed. — leuce Doli. ^ 99 d), described from 
Sumba and Sumbawa, but only received by me from the former island, bears like ariwyas- Fruhst. from Ce¬ 
lebes a strikingly pale marginal area on both wings above and differs on the underside of the hindwing from 
glabrius. Lombok examples in the purer white-grey ground-colouring.—In glabrius subsp. nov., from Flores, the fore¬ 
ground of the ocelli of the hindwing assumes a yellowish shading and all the ocelli are broadly ringed with 
budinus. ochre-yellow. Flores; flies in November. — budinus subsp. nov. has the eye-spots of the forewing as broadly 
margined with dark ochre-yellow as aphnius and the under surface of the hindwing assumes a darker colour- 
aphnius. ing than in leuce and glabrius. Alor. —- aphnius Godt. (99 d), from Timor and Wetter, is the extreme form 
which, as may be seen from the figure, has the foreground of the ocelli on the hindwing entirely ochre- 
yellow. The under surface is darker, being sprinkled with black instead of white-brown as in the other branch- 
races. — According to Elwes and Edwards aphnius (leuce) differs from baldus (horsfieldi ) in the form of the 
valve, which bears a lamella on the concave innerside near the end. 
argillosa. Y. argillosa Snell, is perhaps the Javan race of aphnius. Collected by Dr. Piepers in West Java 
and differing from aphnius in the absence of the orange part round the ocelli of the hindwing. The sexual 
mark on the forewing above especially developed. 
argus. In Japan and on the adjacent mainland baldus is represented by argus Btlr., which Elwes regards 
as a separate species on account of the difference in the clasping-organs. And indeed the quite different, al¬ 
most rounded shape of the wings helps to confirm the separation. The species is common in Japan, occurring 
evanescens. everywhere from Hakodate to Nagasaki. —- As evanescens Btlr. a dry-season aberration has been described 
pratti. in which the eye-spots are reduced to very minute rings. From Nikko, Japan. — - prattl Elwes, from Ichang, 
hyampeia. bears above a conspicuous marginal band, which is sharply defined proximally. — hyampeia subsp. nov. (99 e) 
is the local race from Ussuri and probably also from Amur, and stands in about the same relation to argus 
as ishigakina Fruhst. to baldus. Size smaller, ocelli above less brightly pupilled with white, under surface pre¬ 
dominantly black instead of white-grey, the eye-spots much smaller. 
stellera. Y. stellera Eschsch. replaces baldus on the Philippines and differs from it in having the apical ocelli 
of the forewing more oblong and margined with darker ochre-yellow, the under surface more whitish, traversed 
by sharper brown bands, and the bordering of the eye-spots on both wings again darker yellow. Were 
it not that Elwes and Edwards regard the two species as separate on account of the genitalia, I should 
unhesitatingly unite them. On all the Philippine Islands from Luzon onwards. Local races occur, but nothing 
galeria. is known of them for want of material for comparison. — galeria subsp. nov. is a smaller race than stellera 
from Bazilan, with the eye-spots on the upper surface naturally smaller and with darker brown-grey under 
surface, in which the reduced ocelli and very broad, brown longitudinal bands are especially striking. Pala- 
sepyra. wan. — In sepyra Hew. (99 e) the darkening has progressed still further and the under surface is distin¬ 
guished by the reddish ochre-yellow bordering of the ocelli on the forewing, recalling aphnius Godt. (99 d), al¬ 
though not so strongly expressed. On the upper surface of the hindwing there are in the <$ three, in the $ 
four moderately strongly bordered eye-spots. Bat.jan, Halmaheira, Ternate, common. Indications of locali¬ 
ties such as Celebes, Borneo, Java, which are found in literature, rest on errors or a confusion with other species. 
nynias. On Celebes baldus is represented by Y. nynias spec. nov. (99 ^ misprinted ningas ), a strikingly small 
species (otherwise Celebes always produces the largest forms of the collective species), noticeable on the upper 
surface for the contrast of the light grey submarginal area, which is divided by a very broad dark brown band 
from the dense'and dusky brown basal area. The ocellus of the forewing, compared with that of sepyra, is la¬ 
terally strongly compressed, the bands on the under surface are in examples from South Celebes sometimes 
more indistinct than on the figure, and in the dry-season form, which I collected in the neighbourhood of 
Macassar, the ground-colour becomes grey and the eye-spots are reduced. Common in North Celebes at Toli- 
aretas. Toli, November, December. — aretas subsp. nov. bears in the $ again almost circular ocelli on the forewing, 
which only in the retain their oblong shape. The upper surface of both sexes is darker than in nynias, 
uniform brown without the distal lighter part. The under surface lighter grey, without brown-yellow trans¬ 
verse striation, the longitudinal bands less pronounced than in the Celebes race. Island of Saleyer, taken by 
me in March 1896. 
gadames. Y. gadames spec. nov. approaches stellera Eschsch. above, except that the two anal ocelli of the hind¬ 
wing are essentially smaller. The under surface recalls fasciata Hew. from Borneo, but the apical ocellus 
of the forewing is essentially narrower than in nynias, the irroration on the forewing more yelloAvish than 
grey, as in fasciata and stellera, but the arrangements of the eye-spots on the hindwing otherwise as in 
fasciata. Bangkai, type in coll. Staudinger at the Berlin Museum. 
nareda. With Y. nareda R'oil. (99 g), already discussed in vol. 1, p. 92, begins a group of interesting species 
which are all distinguished by a double eye-spot on the underside of the hindwing, not accompanied by anal 
accessory eye-spots, nareda is nowhere rare in the West Himalayas; it is said to fly from May to October 
