YPTHIMA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
293 
in corticaria. — naerius subsp. nov. is a small race from Nias, with reduced ocelli and much lighter beneath, naerius. 
somewhat recalling alada form, nov., which I have before me in both sexes from the Battaker Plateau, North- alada. 
East Sumatra, from about 1000 m.; in this the hindwing is almost entirely washed-out white-grey, showing 
distinctly a dry-season coloration, and is ornamented with minute eye-spots. — pandocus Moore (99 f). On the pandoras. 
figure the under surface is not quite correctly reproduced, wanting the grey-white median shade. The figure 
represents the dark mountain and rainy-season form, which, is met with, especially at Mt. Gede and on the Pla¬ 
teau of Pengalengan in neglected coffee-gardens, often in hundreds, at altitudes of 12—1500 m. Deeper in the 
valleys and in the almost rainless season flies a much lighter form, dyrna form, nov., the under surface of which dyma. 
is tinged with grey-brown, without black admixture, the whitish patch in the median area of the hindwing 
more distinctly sprinkled with, yellowish. — andokides subsp. nov. is analogous to the form dyma, but smaller; andokides. 
very common in East Java at about 500 m. — sertorius subsp. nov. (99 e), in which the $ bears also above a lar- sertorius. 
ger- apical eye-spot than even the Java form. Particularly compared with corticaria Btlr. from Perak, sertorius 
is seen to be larger and with more extended black-brown shading on the under surface. The differences of the 
$ of sertorius from that of pandocus may be seen by a comparison of the figures. North and South-East Borneo, 
Pontianak, Natuna Islands. —- jamaeus subsp. nov. is an interesting race from the small Sulu Island jamaeus. 
of Banguey to the north of Borneo, and is smaller than calanus (99 e), but much darker and with the 
ocelli on the hindwing beneath scarcely half as large. Type in coll. Staudinger. — aquillius stibsp. aquillius. 
nov. is the rare race from Palawan, which forms a transition from the Banguey form to calanus, the 
ocelli being above intermediate between those of these two island representatives of the collective species. The 
apical ocellus of the forewing only with inappreciable yellow bordering. Uppersicle of the hindwing sometimes 
dusted with white. Type in coll. Statjdinger. — calanus subsp. nov. (99 e) on the whole approaches sempera calanus. 
Fldr. from Luzon, from which, however, it is easy to distinguish by the extended white-grey distal and median part 
of the hindwing beneath. Moreover all the ocelli on the underside are surrounded by a light yellow border. Jolo Is¬ 
lands. — chaboras subsp. nov. is a geographical branch inferior in size to calanus and sempera, which inhabits cliaboras. 
Bazilan, to the south-west of Mindanao, and is not rare there in February and March. In the §, as in that 
of sakra, a fine, delicate, brown-yellow marbling is noticeable above and the eye-spots are relatively large, 
bordered with light ochre-yellow. The under surface differs considerably from that of calanus in having the 
brown shading condensed into rather large striae and patches. Judging from a figure of Semper’s the Minda¬ 
nao race does not differ materially from cliaboras. — sempera Fldr. inhabits Luzon and some of the neighbouring sempera. 
islands, where it flies all the year round, especially from April to July and then again from October to January. 
According to the examples in my collection the under surface of the Luzon $<$ is more uniformly grey and espe¬ 
cially on the hindwing darker than in chaboras from Bazilan and Mindanao. Also the sub marginal band of the 
forewing is much widened and the distal brown border of the hindwing extends more deeply towards the middle 
of the wing. — In vivid contrast to the small race from the Philippines, stand the pandocus- branches from 
Celebes, of which that from the south, loryma Hew., was given in Elwes’ Monograph as synonymous with loryma. 
celebensis Rothsch. (99 g), from which it is at once distinguishable by the presence of the apical ocellus of the 
fore wing on the upperside also and beneath by its rounded instead of oblong shape. Moreover in celebensis 
the two eye-spots on the under surface of the hindwing are either of equal size or the apical ocellus is even larger 
than the anal one. In loryma on the contrary the posterior ocellus invariably exceeds the anterior in extent. 
Compared with pandocus and sertorius, loryma bears larger ocelli on the hindwing above, loryma is common 
in the south of the island, from the bed of the Maros River up to elevations of 1500 m. As anana subsp. nov. anana. 
(99f) I designated at one time a form from East Celebes with smaller eyes beneath, as I assumed that celebensis 
should be united with pandocus. As a matter of fact, however, anana is probably scarcely more than an 
intermediate form. — macrianus subsp. nov., from the Minahassa, however, differs considerably from loryma ; macrianus. 
$ a third larger, the foreground of the apical eye-spots lighter brown, the under surface in both sexes similar 
to that of the mountain form of pandocus, with an extended grey-white basal and median area on the hindwing, 
but sparsely scaled with brown. All the ocelli are moreover ringed with lighter yellow. North Celebes, apparently 
rare. — kalelonda Westw. is a strongly darkened race from the island of Talisse, near the northern point of Celebes, kalelonda. 
Y. celebensis Rothsch. (99g, wrongly printed lorymna), in addition to the characters mentioned above, celebensis. 
also differs in the presence of a second median light brown longitudinal band, which stands out especially distinct¬ 
ly on the anterior part of the hindwing in the The submarginal band on both wings above and beneath 
is also twice as broad as in macrianus. Common in the lowlands, taken by me at Toli-Toli in the north of Celebes, 
November-December, whilst in southern Celebes I not infrequently met with the typical form, with the under 
surface somewhat lighter grey, in November. 
Y. ancus spec. nov. (99 g) is the third species of the pandocus group which we meet with in Celebes, anciis. 
It is a pronounced mountain form, and was taken by me at the Peak of Bonthain together with pandocus and 
