296 
HYPOCYSTA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
irius. 
antirius. 
adiante. 
undulata. 
metirius. 
pseudirius. 
epirius. 
euphemia. 
isis. 
pelagia. 
isias. 
senona. 
busiris. 
os yris. 
brown sand-colour (which is also repeated in other genera, e. g. Heteronympha), and those which inhabit New 
Guinea, with predominantly black and white or dark brown colouring. 
Superficially the H ypocysta-s-pecies resemble Acrophthalmia, from which, however, they differ in the 
simple neuration of the hindwing, moreover the three principal veins of the forewing are inflated. The fore¬ 
legs of the AS small and delicate, but not so much aborted as in Ypthima. A series of species are already known 
and on every large expedition new ones are still discovered. All are small delicate butterflies with a large eye- 
spot on the hindwing, more rarely also with one on the forewing. The genus is exclusively Australian and Pa¬ 
puan and already disappears on the eastern satellite-islands of New Guinea. 
H. irius F. resembles in habitus the figured antirius (93 d) and recalls the Palearctic Coenonympha 
pamphilus L. ; it is common in Queensland, where it occurs everywhere from Brisbane to Cape York. Upper 
surface yellowish, hindwing with two small eye-spots, which are smaller on the grey under surface and are prox- 
imally bordered by a white longitudinal band. 
H. antirius Btlr. (93 b) is little larger than irius, without the black distal border which irius bears on 
both wings above, and beneath without the proximal white longitudinal band in the median area of the hind¬ 
wing. North-West Australia, Port Darwin. 
H. adiante Hbn., unknown to me in nature, likewise inhabits North-West Australia, but extends in 
addition from Sydney to the extreme north of Queensland, undulata Btlr. is a seasonal form without essential 
differences. y- 
H. metirius Btlr., an interesting species with extended ochre-coloured area on the hindwing above, 
forewing grey-brown. The two eye-spots on the underside of the hindwing are separated by a narrow yellowish 
band. Common, distributed from Sydney to Cairns. 
H. pseudirius Btlr. differs from the preceding species in having an ochre-coloured patch on the forewing, 
which is also slightly indicated beneath. Scattered over as wide an area as the preceding, epirius Btlr: is again 
a seasonal form of the collective species, which is parhaps split up into several races that have not yet been 
studied. 
H. euphemia Westw. (93 d), mostly somewhat lighter than on the figure, may be easily recognized 
by a large ocellus on the forewing, which is placed between the medians, and a small subapical eye-spot before 
the apex of the forewing. Both are reproduced beneath. Under surface of the hindwing yellow-grey, with fine 
median longitudinal stripe and a grey connecting shade between the ocelli, which are of almost equal size. Com¬ 
mon near Sydney, 
H. isis spec. nov. inhabits the main island of New Guinea and also extends onto some of its satellite- 
islands, flies apparently all the year round, but occurs most commonly from November to April and inhabits 
the woods in the lowlands, apparently without ascending to such considerable elevations as the preceding spe¬ 
cies. — isis Fruhst. (93 d) is to be met with in the western parts of German New Guinea. The $$, however, 
are rare and may be distinguished from the SS by the more rounded wings and the white median area of the 
forewing, which is essentially broader than in osyris. — pelagia subsp. nov. flies in Humboldt Bay, Dutch New 
Guinea, where it was discovered by Doherty September-October 18 ^ 2 . The form is easy to recognize by 
having the forewing somewhat more darkened than in isis and the white band on the hindwing scarcely half 
as broad. — isias subsp. nov. is a very interesting race from south-western Dutch New Guinea with entirely 
black-grey forewing and very broad white area on the hindwing, reaching to the ocelli. Type in the Tring Museum; 
Kapaur, discovered by Doherty. — senona subsp. nov. is a form which closely approaches isis, but in which 
the AS also bear a distinct white band-like median area on the forewing, similar to that of the $$ only not so 
extended. Beneath this white area is quite as pronounced, but not more extended than in isis from Friedrich- 
Wilhelmshafen. According to Hagen common in the woods near Stephansort and Simbang from November 
to April. — busiris subsp. nov. already recalls leucovielas (93 d.), but the forewing is more slender, the anal angle 
more distinctly rounded and the ground-colour brown instead of black. It differs from isis, senona and pelagia 
in the entire absence of any light median shade, whilst on the other hand the $ shows a much more conspicuous, 
broader white median area on both wings than the of all the above races. Moreover the ocellus on the 
hindwing is considerably enlarged and its bordering is more prominent and lighter yellow than in the isis races 
from Nerv Guinea. Misol, discovered by H. Kuhn, collected in January. 
H. osyris is distinguished by the brown-grey bordering of both wings, recalling in colour haernonia 
Hew. and fenestrella Fruhst. (93 d), a colouring which is not brought out successfully on the plate. 
The basal area of the hindwing always more or less tinged with yellowish, never so pure white as 
in isis Fruhst. There are only a few branch-races known, of which osyris Bdv. (93d) inhabits the Aru 
Islands. The AS show no white median area on the forewing above, but in its place a scarcely appreciably 
lighter patch. The black eye-spots of the hindwing are more narrowly ringed with yellow than in the 
Under surface of the hinclwing with a metallic, silvery submarginal band and a similar border to the 
