COENONYPHA; ARGYROPHENGA; ERITES. By H. Fruhstorfer, 
301 
4 ocelli are placed close together and give the impression of a rainy-season form. Larva on grasses, brown, with 
fine transverse stripes. Pupa similarly coloured, with a large dorsal protuberance and deep ventral incision 
before the abdominal segments. 
C. daksha Moore (93 f) approaches nirrnala, but is smaller, as has been already mentioned in the Pale- daksha. 
arctic volume, p. 94. Upper surface dark vinous red. Rare and local in Kashmir, flying at 7—9000 ft. from 
June to August. 
C. scanda Koll. (vol. 1, p. 94, pi. 35 a). Under surface of the hindwing predominantly grey. Common scanda. 
everywhere in the western Himalayas from July to September, also known from Kashmir. Area of flight from 
5—11000 ft., flies most freely during the heaviest rains, resting on wet- places in the damp woods or hiding in 
fern thickets. 
C. annada is the largest, most variable and most widely distributed species of the genus. Larva and 
pupa do not differ essentially from those of C. nirrnala Moore. — annada Moore (vol. 1, p. 93, pi. 35 a) may be annada. 
regarded as the rainy-season form of the western Himalayas; hybrida Btlr. (vol. 1, pi. 35 a) is probably a smaller hybrida. 
dry-season form of it. Both inhabit elevations of 4—7000 ft., where they are common everywhere from June 
to September on dry mountain slopes. — orixa Moore (vol. 1, pi. 34 f) is the well differentiated geographical orixa. 
form of the eastern Himalayas, where it occurs from the Khasia- Hills to Manipur. In the large black apical 
ocellus of the forewing with red or yellow-brown bordering orixa already tends in the direction of polyphemus polyphemus 
Oberth. (vol. 1, pi. 34 f), which is one of the commonest butterflies of western China. 
13. Genus: CmMlonvpha Hbn. (= Lyela Swinh.) 
This genus, hitherto alien to the Indian fauna, seems to be slowly spreading eastwards, for it is already 
reported by Swinhoe from Beluchistan. Only one species is known from there, on which Swinhoe erected 
a separate genus which he compares with Erebia, although he states that the structure is identical with Coe- 
nonympha. On the genus cf. further vol. 1, p. 143—147, pi. 48, and vol. V, pi. 50. 
C. myops, distributed from the Achalzik region and Alai, splits up into three local races: myops St.gr. myops. 
(vol. 1, p. 143). Forewing with large apical eye-spot, hindwing with dark median band. From Ala-Tau and 
Alai. — tekkensis Stgr. (vol. 1, pi. 48 b) has the apical eye-spot still larger and the'median band of the hindwing tekkensis. 
darkened. — macmahoni Swinh. approximates to both races. Upper surface brown, nearly black, in some SS macmahoni. 
and beneath even darker than above. Fore wing with a large round, blackish spot with broad dark orange-coloured 
border. Sometimes this ocellus bears a white pupil. The $ has somewhat longer wings, which consequently 
appear narrower, and is slightly paler than the <$■ From Quetta in Beluchistan. 
14. Genus: Ar§»yro|>lieii$»a Dbl. 
Nearly allied to Erebia, but differs in the short antennae, the long palpi and the long body, and structu¬ 
rally in all the subcostal veins arising distally to the apex of the cell. Only one species known, which altogether 
resembles the subalpine Erebia. in its habits and flight and inhabits New Zealand, where it was discovered by 
P. Earl on a plain in the south. 
A. antipodum Dbl. (93 g) above resembles an Erebia stygne O., except that it has more extended and antipodum. 
lighter red areas round the ocelli, which contain larger white pupils, those of the fore wing showing two, those 
of the hindwing only one each. Both wings are bordered by a brown, sharply defined marginal band. New Zealand. 
Satyrus Group. 
The numerous species of this group form a considerable proportion of the Palearctic forms, especially in the 
Mediterranean regions. But in the Asiatic tropics they are less numerous and there are only a few genera to record 
here, most of which line the boundary of the Palearctic zone. 
15. Genus: Erites Westw. *) 
Through the genitalia resp. cla-sping-organs this rather isolated genus is to a certain extent connected 
with the European Perarge. The valve is narrow, anteriorly obtusely sloping, the uncus long, with very fine, 
pointed, delicate lateral clasps. On the forewing only the costal is inflated, the cell long and narrow, occupying 
almost % of the length of the wing, closed by a short upper discocellular, a moderately angled middle and a 
straight and but little longer lower one. The hindwing is strongly dentate distally and has the precostal directed 
basad. Secondary sexual characters are wanting, the markings which in the So are yellow beneath only, in the 
9$ are yellow also above. Legs of the SS short, hairy, those of the 9$ longer, more slender, without hairs. Some 
transparency of both wings is common to all the species. 
*) The genus Ragadia morphologically approximates more nearly to Erites in the shape of the clasping-organs 
than to the Mycalesids, with which, following other authors, we have included it. 
