LETHE. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
317 
has not hitherto been noticed. — dyrta Fldr. (vol. 1, pi. 30 d), described by its author from Bengal, is the North dyrta. 
Indian branch of the collective species, occurs in Sikkim only in the hot lowlands, extends westwards to Kash¬ 
mir and eastwards to Burma, and ascends in the Himalayas to 5000 ft. In Tonkin I observed two seasonal 
forms, one in April, at elevations of about 1000 m., with uniform grey, cpiite dull under surface, belonging to 
the dry season, and the rainy-season form with distinctly defined, silvery, violet-white bordering to the ocelli 
and longitudinal bands of the same colour (June—July). — neelgheriensis Guer. (96 d), from South and Central neelyhrrien- 
India, ascends in the Nilgiris to 7000 ft. Larva on bamboo, very long, slender, head and anus with long, sharp ap¬ 
points. Light green with darker dorsal and lateral stripes. On Ceylon the laiva was also found on grasses. - 
yoga subsp. nov. is the sharply differentiated island form of the upper surface of which Moore has given a very yoya. 
characteristic figure in Lepidoptera Indica; we represent the under surface at 97 b. $ easy to distinguish from the 
preceding race by the band of the forewing being broken up into three large, rounded, widely separated spots, 
whilst in neelgheriensis and all the other dyrta races it always traverses the forewing as a continuous broad 
band, yoga is further characterized by the darker under surface of the wings in both sexes (a manifestation of 
island melanism) and by the yellower, much narrower and more angled band of the forewing in the $. Ceylon. 
— permagnis subsp. nov. is the race from southern China, already mentioned by Leech from Foochow, and also permagnis. 
known from Amoy. Whether examples from West and Central China are identical with it is still doubtful. The 
^ differs from that of dyrta from Tonkin in its larger size and in having the oblique band of the forewing yellow¬ 
ish instead of white. Under surface washed-out grey without distinct violet-white bordering to the ocelli, 
on which account I suspect that the $ type before me was collected in the dry season. Foochow. — daemoniaca daemoniaca. 
Fruhst. is the branch from Formosa, which is somewhat smaller than permagnis, but nevertheless surpasses 
continental Indian examples. $, particularly beneath, with yellowish band and relatively small ocelli. Formosa, 
common on the whole island up to 1300 m, and also in Hainan. — anunda subsp. nov. is the charming and well anunda. 
separated island race recorded, from Java since Horsfield’s time, but not adequately noticed; it may be recog¬ 
nized by the delicate red-brown or chocolate-coloured under surface in both sexes and by the much smaller ocelli 
on the underside of the which are scarcely appreciably bordered with yellow. In my collection only from 
East Java and Bali, but it will certainly also occur in the west and probably in Sumatra. — sambaluna subsjJ. sambaluna. 
nov. (97 b) is the most easterly offshoot of the collective species; in contrast to the Javan form the under surface 
is grey and more washed-out than in continental examples. Above both sexes bear pure white subapical patches 
and the band of the forewing is more frayed at its proximal and distal edges. Locality the Plateau of Sumbalun 
on Lombok, at about 4000 ft., collected by me in April 1896. The form flies at the edge of the woods. 
L. drypetis is one of those zoogeographically interesting species which are peculiar to southern India 
and have spread from there to Ceylon. — The name-type drypetis Hew. (= embolima Btlr.) (97 a misprinted drypetis. 
ebolina) inhabits Ceylon, where it is met with in bamboo hedges, not very commonly. It is very local and as 
a ride does not occur below 1000 m. $ above unicolorous brown, $ with white oblique band, darkened into 
yellow at the margins, and beyond the cell twice slightly interrupted. Hindwing with three black spots, which 
are anteriorly and distally margined with light brown-yellow. Under surface of the $ similar to daretis, but 
without the yellow band of the forewing. Larva as in neelgheriensis , but more brightly coloured, with a lateral, 
pale-edged red stripe. Pupa pale green with a horn on the head and another on the breast. — todara Moore (97 e todara. 
as drypetis), is the South Indian branch of the species, which only differs slightly from the Ceylon type. $ above 
and beneath lighter brown-yellow, transverse band of the forewing somewhat narrower, more regular, under 
surface with the brown shading less extended. South India, flying from May to September, and ascending to 
4000 ft. 
L. daretis Hew. (97 a) is a delicate species, endemic in Ceylon and found nowhere else. $ above with daretis. 
three yellowish subapical patches. Hindwing with some black dots. $ with a beautiful yellow oblique band, 
consisting of four loosely connected patches, and two rounded yellow subapical patches on the forewing. Hind¬ 
wing with yellowish submarginal area, in which are placed. 5 ocelli of unequal size. On the under surface the 
bands are reproduced and the hindwing is lighter grey-brown, otherwise identical with that of the <J. daretis 
flies all the year round, and is one of the few butterflies which occur at elevations of 7000 ft. on the Horton 
Plains. Dr. Seitz took it at Nuwara Elya. The are fond of resting on the upper branches of low forest-trees 
and fly round their tops in the sunshine. 
L. insana, a common species, distributed over the whole of the Himalayas and western China to For¬ 
mosa, is better known under the name dinarbas. — insana Roll. (<J = hyrania Roll.), described from Kashmir, insana. 
is a relatively small highland form with grey-brown upper surface, the $ distinguished by a strikingly broad, 
sharply defined white transverse band on the forewing. $ beneath without red-brown patches on the forewing 
or silvery submarginal area on the hindwing. The butterflies are fond of shade, being met with at the foot 
of high rocks which cast a shadow all day long. Kashmir, Kulu, Mussourie and Kunawur. In Mussourie two 
generations occur, the first from April to June, the second in October. Larva on Arundinaria falcata Nees, 
the ,,Hill Bamboo“ of the English. Green with a yellow dorsal spot, the head as usual very pointed; pupa some¬ 
times green, sometimes brown, very similar to that of drypetis, only shorter. — dinarbas Hew. (97 a), judging dinarbas. 
from Hewitson’s figure, seems to be founded on examples of the dry-season form and such specimens from 
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