Publ. 10. IV. 1911. 
LETHE. By H. Frith storfer. 
321 
meJcara Moore in the lighter or darker red-brown subanal area of the hindwing differing in breadth according 
to the locality. Most like it is probably ratnapandi subsp. nov., which flies in January on Palawan and is very ratnapand 
rare. Apart from the somewhat more rounded wings it is scarcely distinguishable above from mekara debata 
Fruhst. from Sumatra. £ above much lighter red-brown than even the Javan marga (98 c), but the white 
band on the forewing narrower, yet more compact, only the last intramedian spot separated. Anal angle of 
the forewing and costal part of the hindwing tinged with yellowish. Under surface of the $ about as in ratnacri, 
only the ocelli more uniformly round, but in colouring more approaching the Sikkim race. $ with beautiful 
yellow distal bordering to the brown median tooth of the longitudinal band of the hindwing. — sisapon subsp. nov. sisapon. 
inhabits Mindoro; it is somewhat smaller than negrito from Luzon, but bears on the upperside of the hind¬ 
wing the most intensively red tinge, the round, black ocelli being separated. — byzaccus subsp. nov. is the byzaccus. 
race from the island of Mindanao, where (judging from Semper’s collection) two different seasonal forms occur, 
that of East Mindanao with a relatively large 9> which has the band of the forewing still more divided than 
in coelestis Leech and even broken up into separate patches. On Mt. Sibulan, however, flies a smaller form 
with darker red anal border of the hindwing than in sisapon. — But the smallest race occurs on Jolo in the 
Sulu Archipelago: jomaria subsp. nov., with much darker, reduced red anal area on the hindwing above, short, jomaria. 
narrow white oblique band on the fore wing of the $ and beneath with the deepest brown tinge. On Borneo 
chandica has yet to be discovered; there is no record from there at present. — namura subsp. nov., from Su- namura. 
matra and Perak, may best be described as a form of the Assam race with somewhat paler under surface, also 
differing from the Javan branch of chandica in the absence of the grey-violet tinge on the under surface; $ un¬ 
known to me, very rare. In 13 years Dr. Martin has only obtained one example from the Battak Plateau (North- 
East Sumatra). The $ bears a white transverse band on the forewing, which is very broad at the costa and is 
only once bent, and two indistinct apical spots. From West Sumatra (Padang Bovenland) in my collection. 
-— Finally marga subsp. nov. (98 c) is the most differentiated island race, captured by me only at Mt. Gede marga. 
in West Java at about 12—1500 m., and very rare. The like the Sikkim chandica, bears very distinct yellow 
cilia on both wings, and the whole proximal side has a strong, glossy violet-grey tinge. Hindwing with a small 
but very dark brown spot inside the distal band, which is outcurved in the shape of a nose. $ above brilliant 
light red-brown, with yellowish costal border of the hindwing. In addition it bears on the forewing the broad¬ 
est white subapical band of any of the known chandica branches. 
L. distans Btlr. (98 c). An extraordinarily rare species, of which more 9? than SS have been found, distans. 
but relatively widely distributed, Bhotan, Sikkim, Assam and Burma. Details as to the habits of flight are 
not yet known. Moore thought that distans might probably be the spring generation of chandica Moore', an 
error which Niceville has already refuted, for the dry-season form of chandica shows only very little of the 
red-brown shade on the hindwing above, and moreover Moore’s type of chandica is actually based on the spring 
generation. For the rest the $ of distans has much more analogy with that of mekara, the band of the forewing 
being twice bent and broken up into separate patches and the upperside of both wings of a light yellow-red colour. 
The light grey upper surface of the forewing of the d'J, however, which is more suggestive of L. kansa Moore, 
is sufficient alone to differentiate distans. from chandica. 
L. delila Stgr., above approaching dora (98 d), appears to replace distans on Borneo. The $ has above delila. 
much more in common with chandica SS, agreeing in the distal nose-shaped projection of the outer longitu¬ 
dinal band and the brown median spot on the hindwing beneath, but according to its author’s diagnosis the 
$ bears a broad clay-yellow oblique band, which runs uninterrupted to the anal angle. Staitdinger compares 
the 9 of delila also with that of darena, which at once proves that this interesting species does not belong to 
the chandica group. Kina Balu and Marapok, North Borneo, at about 1000—1200 m. 
L. dora Stgr. (9 = cerama Shelf.) (98 d), of which we figure here for the first time the 9, described dora. 
by Shelford as cerama. The $ only differs above from the 9 in the darker red-brown, more sharply defined 
anal area of the hindwing. Beneath both sexes are easy to distinguish from delila and chandica by the vertical 
submarginal band of the forewing, which borders a dark brown area as in vindhya Fldr. Very rare, type from 
South-East Borneo; has also been more recently discovered at Kuching in Sarawak. 
L. perimede Stgr., from Kina Balu. Only 2 known as yet. Size about the same as that of L. europa perimede. 
F., which it somewhat resembles above, colour of the upper surface blackish brown, someivhat lighter than 
in mekara sumati Fruhst. Forewing with a sexual spot, which is placed beyond the cell and resembles that 
of the European Satyrus ( Pararge ) maera L., extending from the upper median to the lower median near the 
cell-wall. Under surface of the forewing light grey-brown with dull steel-blue longitudinal bands, several ocelli 
and two anteterminal lines. Hindwing with six round eye-spots, which show white pupils. All the ocelli mar¬ 
gined with brown-yellow. Behind the cell a glossy blue-green lunular spot and two median lines. The colouring 
of the under surface indicates affinity with L. darena Fldr. 
IX 
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