324 
NEOPE. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
Group Tansima Moore. 
Type, satyrina. Hindwing rounded; the lower discocellular terminates beyond the second median. Only Palearctic 
forms, thus: 
L. satyrina Btlr. (vol. 1, pi. 30 cl), widely distributed in China, described as from Shanghai (where it 
certainly does not occur, but had probably been brought there from Ningpo), but reported from Kiukiang to 
Mupin and Changyang from elevations of about 2000 m. 
L. bulleri Leech (vol. 1, pi. 30 a) is the commonest species of the group in collections. $ with yellow 
oblique band on the upperside of the fore wing and yellowish apical area on its underside. From June to August 
everywhere in the Yangtze Valley and ascending to 7000 ft. — proxima Leech (vol. 1, pi. 31 e), likewise abun¬ 
dant from July to August and ascending to 7000 ft. Everywhere in West China. — lanaris Btlr. (vol. 1, pi. 30 b), 
described from Ningpo, but occurring in the whole of West and Central China, also belongs here. On the other 
hand marginalis Motsch., which Moore united with Tansima, is a true Lethe. 
Group Hermias nom. nov. 
Distinguished by the rounded wings, recalling Mycalesis, the strongly inflated costal and median of the forewing, the 
much shorter and broader cell of both wings, which is shorter than in any other group of Lethe, and finally by the lower 
discocellular of the hindwing touching the first median vein far above the second median. Monotypical, verma Roll, being the 
only known species. Is almost entitled to rank as a subgenus, differing considerably also in the clasping-organs, the uncus, un¬ 
like true Lethe, having the clasps distally widened laterally and deeply incised. 
L. verma splits up into a series of geographical offshoots, which, although everywhere common, have 
verma. not been noticed, verma Roll., the typical subspecies, is very common in Kashmir and Mussourie, occurring 
in two generations, in April and May and again in August and September; it is fond of resting on the stems 
sintica. of rhododendrons and oaks. — sintica subsp. nov. inhabits Sikkim and Assam, where it ascends to 8000 ft. and 
has been observed on into November, sintica presents very definitely the aspect associated with a rainy dis¬ 
trict ; compared with verma from the dry west of the region, it is considerably larger, with broader bands; and 
stenopa. the ocelli on the underside of the hindwing decidedly larger. —- stenopa Fruhst. (99 b), the race from the most 
easterly part of the Indian Empire, described from Tonkin, recorded from Hainan, but distributed to the Shan 
States and Tenasserim, shows a reversion towards verma ; comes likewise from districts with a small rainfall 
and hence again with predominantly dry-season facies. Ground-colour grey rather than black, the white oblique 
band of the forewing narrower than in sintica with a touch of yellowish, ocelli of the under surface smaller, 
and hence more isolated, only very slightly bordered with violet-white. Tonkin, Chiem Hoa, August and Sep- 
satamus. tember, Tenasserim, May, collected by me at Tandong at 4000 ft. — satarnus subsp. nov. is a mountain form 
from Omeishan, Western China, with the band still more narrowed, especially anally, and also placed further 
from the distal margin than in stenopa. Under surface with the eye-spots margined with darker yellow and with 
laticincta. very slight violet bordering. Together with it occur extraordinarily broad-banded examples, laticincta Fruhst. 
(vol. 1, pi. 30 e, simply as verma), probably the extreme rainy-season form from the plains. China, June, July. 
cintamani. — Finally, cintamani Fruhst. (99 b) is the melanotic island extreme, with the band of the forewing in the scarce¬ 
ly half as broad as in satarnus. Under surface of the wings very dark with large ocelli and especially distinct 
violet antemarginal line. June, July, up to 4000 ft. in the interior of Formosa. 
30. Genus: Xeope Btlr. 
Differing in neuration from typical Lethe in the longer costal of the forewing, so that it is possible to 
separate them generically; moreover in the peculiarly marbled under surface they are so uniform among them¬ 
selves and so different from true Lethe, that their group must be called an extremely natural one, and on this 
account they are here, as well as in vol. 1, treated as a distinct genus. Some species approximate in the long 
tails of the hindwing and the narrow cell of the forewing to Zophoessa, to which the newly discovered lacticolora 
in particular forms a transition. 
N. goschkevitschi reaches the furthest north and inhabits all the Japanese islands from Yesso to For- 
japonica. mosa. — japonica Btlr. is the race from the northern island, described from Hakodate, and sent to me by Prof. 
Matsumttra from Sapporo, smaller than goschkevitschi Men. (vol. 1, pi. 33 c and d) from Hondo, on the main 
island, where it is common everywhere and rests on tree-trunks, from the bark of which it is difficult to distin¬ 
guish. According to Seitz it also visits the gardens of Tokio and Yokohama, where it may be found on the 
walls, especially in September. The underside of the hindwing seems to be either light grey or dark yellow 
according to the season. In vol. 1, pi. 33 c, the grey $-form is distinctly represented. I am unfortunately 
watanabei. without examples from Nagasaki but I suspect that they belong to a separate, race ■ — watanabei Mats, was 
only recently discovered in Formosa; as it is unknown to me in nature I quote the original description: In shape 
and markings similar to N. goschkevitschi Men. The distinguishing characters are the following: <J. Palpi 
