406 
AEMONA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
sappho. F. sappho Semp. is a species rare in collections and wanting in mine, of which I can only judge from 
the figure and the specimens in Semper’s collection. Ground colour of the upper surface grey-brown as in 
phaon Er. from the North Philippines, and the indication of a broad white band on the forewing which is the 
chief characteristic of the species, and which is bounded towards the base by an indistinct dark brown line, 
very constant according to Semper. At the apex of the wing there are on the under surface two or three white spots 
of which the central one may at times develop into an eye-spot. The two usual ocelli on the hindwing are al¬ 
ways of equal size and vary according to the insular race. The brown central line partly touches the apical 
kleis. eye-spot, partly passes behind it. Type from Bohol; flies apparently throughout the year. — kleis Semp. 
indicates a melanotic form Avith a reduced subapical band as in menado pleonasma Rob. which appears over- 
layed with grey. Rare, only 5 specimens known from Camotes, Samar, Panaon and Siargao Islands. Flies 
ameinoklcia. February to November. — ameinokleia subsp. nov. from Camiguin de Mindanao, in the Semper collection at 
Frankfurt, differs form the type from Bohol in its paler browner ground colour, narrower white subapical bar on 
the forewing and light yellow-grey in place of brown underside of the hindwing, which bears strikingly large ocelli. 
cumeus. F. eumeus Drury is met with by the pedestrian as one of the commonest butterflies in the Botanic 
Garden in Hongkong. The insects skip along close to the ground, just above the herbage, or rest on stone heaps, 
and are easily taken. Upper surface red-brown with rich yellow costal border, from which a broad, and in the 
$ especially bright, ochre-yellow oblique bar runs across the apex of the cell into the middle of the Aving. I 
took quite freshly emerged specimens at the end of October, and Walker reports that Avorn specimens are still 
to be seen in December, and that it sometimes even wanders among the street trafic in the City of Hongkong. 
A fresh brood appears as early as March. The larva probably lives on grass and the dAVarf bamboo; it Avas 
discovered and described by Walker, being entirely smooth, of pale green colour and furnished Avith two horns 
on the head only. The butterfly is on the wing on cold days also, and readily conceals itself among fallen 
leaves or rests on AVet places on the path. Moore names Hainan and South China also as localities for this 
inceria. species. -—- In the local form incerta Stgr. (100 a) from Tonkin, Burma and Annam, the ochre-coloured bar is 
Wanting in the only the splendid yelloAV marking on the costal border remains, in the $$ it is certainly 
very distinct, but greatly narroAVed and rather overlaid by the red-brown median tint. Flies in June and July 
at about 300 m. A dry season form appears in August, in which the red tint is wanting, so that a dull 
cacao-brown shade predominates. In the Annam mountains I noted an extremely characteristic aberration 
moiarmn. at a height of about 1200 m, moiarum Fruhst., the Gd 1 very large, with a broad light ochre-yellow subapical 
bar on the forewing, which exceeds in extent even that of eumeus from Hongkong, and is retained also on the 
underside as a terminal band. 
assama. F. assama Westiv. comes very close to eumeus on the underside, but the submarginal spots are yelloAV, 
instead of Avhite, and the red-brown longitudinal bands are straighter. d upper surface dull pale brown with 
perceptibly lighter area at apex of the cell; $ with light ochre-yellow transcellular band. Hitherto only knoAvn 
from Assam, where it is not uncommon. 
aerope. F. aerope from China and Tonkin falls into two geographical races, of which the smaller northern form 
aerope Leech, has been already dealt with in Vol. I, p. 156 and figured there on PI. 49 c. In Central China 
excelsa. and on the Omeishan in West China, not uncommon in Jujy. -—- excelsa Fruhst. (100 c) is readily distinguished 
by its larger size and in the d by the lighter grey ground colour. The $ bears a somewhat broad black apical 
border, beneath which is a broad whitish yellow median band. On the under surface the white spots are much 
larger and the longitudinal bands black, in place of red-brown. Very local in Tonkin and taken by me only 
in June and July at Than-moi in the north of the country. The imago flies there in company with Stishtoph- 
thalma tonkiniana Fruhst. (103 a), fruhstorferi Rob. (103 a) Thaumantis lathyi Fruhst. (102 b) on steep chalk 
hills Avith light AVoods, and always Avhere little watercourses trickle through narrow gorges. 
F. faunula also has tAVo local forms, restricted to the Malay Peninsula and the neighbouring Further 
faunula. India, faunala Westiv. (100 a) is characterized by a second tuft of hair near the anal angle of the hindAving, 
recalling Taenaris, and a splendid yellow gloss which extends to the posterior median. Underside with promi¬ 
nent dark zigzag streaks, so that faunula does not give the impression of being a member of the genus Fau- 
nis, which caused Westavood to erect a genus ,,Melanocyma“ for this species. Perak, Chentabun in Siam, 
faumdoidcs. Cambodia. — faunuloides Nicev. is rather larger and has rather straighter streaks on the underside. Rare and 
local, as yet only 5 $$ mentioned, which Avere taken in Upper Burma, North Chin Hills in June at an elevation 
of about 1000 m. 
2. Genus : Aemona Heio. 
The neuration differs from the preceding genus in the shorter, more vertical lower discocellular and the 
