414 
TAENARIS. By H. Fruhstoreer. 
on the east coast), and finally the entirely pale forms from Kaiser Wilhelm Land, which are already found in 
the neighbouring Humboldt Bay. It is understood, that there are intermediate forms on the borders of each 
district. The chief characteristics of the species, in addition to the sexual characters already mentioned, are 
the comparatively far produced forewing in the <$<$, the anal ocellus on the hindwing almost always sho¬ 
wing through on the upper surface, and a broad brown or grey anal margin on the forewing. The colour of the 
bordering of the wings varies from a slate- or mouse-grey to reddish and red-brown and the under surface often 
appears as if sprinkled with sand or ashes. The ocelli are somewhat regular, almost round, but their size 
varies from that of a pea to the imposing disc as shown in the figure of T. celsa on plate 101 d. Asm almost all 
Taenaridae, the number of the ocelli is sometimes increased, and all hitherto observed combinations will be 
mentioned. Forewing with a black, white pupilled eye-spot without yellow periphery ( sidus Stick.); hindwing 
monops. without apical ocellus (ttionops Fruhst.); with duplicated apical eye-spot, the accessory ocellus being directed 
lacrimans. backwards and appearing like a shed tear (lacrimans Fruhst.); anal ocellus duplicated, the secondary eye being 
proximal, and inserted between the posterior median and the submedian nervures, whereas in ivahnesi the normal 
opulenta. condition is just the opposite, namely that the secondary ocellus is placed outwardly (opulenta Stick.). The hind- 
gemmata. wings may also bear 6 ocelli, which certainly occurs more frequently in ivahnesi than in artemis (gemmata Stick.) 
and it is probable that an increase to eight ocelli, forming a continuous band will yet be discovered, like that 
rotschildi. of ivahnesi now before me, that is the aberration rothschildi Sm. The first described local race was artemis 
artemis. Y oil. the type probably came from Sorong or some other place in dutch north-west New Guinea. $ and $ 
chiefly dark grey, with an ill defined white band on the forewings, which slightly enters the cell, and a light 
yellowish tinge on the upper side of the hindwings. Underside of $$ with a slight reddish tinge, the anal 
eleusina. angle rarely without a grey or reddish border. — fa. eleusina Fruhst. is based on an aberrant form which never- 
the-less occurs frequently in Sorong, and is even possibly the chief form there. The specimens are bordered 
with pale slate-grey, the subapical area of the forewing is diffused, partly grey scaled, the anal ocelli on the 
uppersicle of the hindwing are very small, never distinctly visible on the upper surface. The washed-out colour 
of the under surface recalls gisela from Waigiu, but the border of the wings is narrower and a paler grey. All 
the ocelli have a very broad black-grey periphery, and the light ochre-yellow rings are broader than in gisela, 
narrower than in zenada and celsa. The anal angle of the hindwing is either not or but slightly grey tinged, and 
the yellow shading of the upper surface of the hindwings is entirely absent. Among the 23 specimens in my 
zenada. collection the only ocellar aberrations to be mentioned are sidus and lacrimans. —- zenada Fruhst. inhabits 
Kapaur and the vicinity of Kajumera Bay in the south of the Dutch territory. My specimens are larger than 
Vollenhoven’s type, the fore wings nearly black-grey and the hindwings broadly covered with grey scales 
beyond the yellow basal colouring. The underside of the wings is essentially darker, the forewings are black- 
grey instead of brown, with a narrow white subapical region, the hindwings darker grey bordered, especially 
in the anal angle, the ocelli larger and with richer blue centres, the anal fold is also black instead red-brown. 
The $ with its unusually large ocelli recalls celsa Fruhst., from which it differs chiefly in the more clearly defined 
and deeper black terminal margin on all the wings. On Waigiu it has developed into a good island race, which 
was named gisela Fruhst. The specimens have very dark wings. The ground colour is a full slate-grey. On the 
forewings of the S only a very narrow whitish subapical region remains; a few $$ have dark hindwings, in 
which only the extreme base is yellowish, all the rest being smoke-grey. Examples in which the ocelli show 
through above predominate. Specimens also occur with black bordered anal margin and black ringed and shaded 
timesides. ocelli. Such specimens recall timesias- Kirsch and may be called timesides Fruhst. ■— On the Aru Islands we 
myopina. meet with myopima Fruhst. which is characterized by the smoky brown hindwings. The white subapical area 
of the forewings stands out more distinctly against the dark ground colour than in artemis, and the hindwings 
are smoke-brown all over, an appearance not repeated on the mainland of New Guinea, but finding a parallel 
ziada. in a few from Waigiu, and still more in myops Fldr., one of the dioptrica group. - — - ziada Fruhst. (101 d). 
A charming local race on the Island of Misole. Differs from myopina in the colour of the wings being violet 
instead of smoke-brown. The basal area of the hindwing is more richly yellow tinted than in myopina. Upder 
surface; anal border of the forewings yet lighter violet-brown. Ocelli of hindwing smaller than in myopina, 
celsa. ringed broadly with yellow and beyond it only narrowly with cacao-colour. — celsa Fruhst. (101 d), differs 
from artemis Volt, in the much more broadly, almost black-grey bordered hindwings. But celsa is characterized 
above all by the unusually large ocelli on the hindwings, which have an extensive dark ochre-yellow iris, ringed 
with black. The ocelli stand out sharply and distinctly on the pure white ground colour of the hindwings, of 
humboldti. which the costal margin is broadly, the distal margin only narrowly black edged. Salawati Island. — humboldti 
Fruhst. Specimens from Humboldt Bay with predominant white ground colour and narrow grey-black terminal 
border on all the wings, form an interesting transition towards staudingeri Hour, from German New Guinea. 
Costal and apical margins narrowly grey-black, anal fold of hindwing somewhat broadly bordered on the 
upper surface with dark slate-grey, the remainder of the wing, excepting the whitish submedian area and the 
yellowish basal portion tinged with pale grey, the ocelli very small and showing through from the underside. 
