Publ. 25. VIII. 1911. 
TAENARIS. By H. Fruhstoreer. 
417 
continuation of this species in another district. But an apparently unimportant character, the anal ocellus 
on the hindwing being placed nearer to the distal margin, stands in connection with more important ana¬ 
tomical differences, whereby the specific character of macrops is substantiated, a consequence, presumably, 
of the far distant separation of the North from the South Moluccas. Three insular races are known, showing 
a considerable correspondence to those of selene, only that they are usually smaller than selene, and in one race 
the veins on the forewing are more extensively brown marked; macropina Fruhst. (101 a) is not uncommon on macropina. 
Obi, and, like T. diana diadema Fruhst., represents the albinotic extreme of the entire species. The smoke- 
grey forewing distinctly paler in the median area, the basal spot on the hindwing is larger and nasutely pro¬ 
duced outwardly, but in the $ the forewing is purer white than in macrops Fldr. from Halmaheira, Batjan macrops. 
and Morotai. macrops appears also to incline more to the formation of aberrations than macropina, since two 
out of three show an incomplete secondary anal ocellus, which is placed behind the other. Forewing in 
contradistinction to macropina, without whitish brightning on the underside. The hind wing in both sexes 
perceptibly more broadly brown-grey bordered. —- ternatana Fruhst. is again more like macropina on the upper tematana. 
surface, but differs from it and from macrops in the smaller ocelli on the hindwings, which have also a nar¬ 
rower terminal border than the macropina $$. Yet the pure chalky, almost dazzling white ground colour 
of the upper surface must be mentioned as the most important differentiating character; it is possessed in 
common by ternatana and macrops macropina Fruhst. whereas there is always a yellowish tinge in macrops. 
Further, neither ternatana nor macropina have the grey scaling on the median area of the forewings, which is 
constant in macrops. ternatana differs from macrops and macropina on the underside in the much smaller ocelli 
and the more extended pure white median area on the hind wings. Hereby naturally the distal border, which is 
deep black, is restricted and pressed further outwards on the underside also. Ternate Island; only 2 in my 
collection. 
T. catops is one of most varied and widest distributed species of the genus. It comes so close to macrops 
and selene-, that it was formerly generally placed under selene. The species is very susceptible to local influences; 
ocellar variations are also very common, and specimens in which the ocelli show through distinctly occur together 
with those having no distinct indication of an upper anal ocellus on the hindwing; a fact which appeared of 
such importance to the earlier authors, that even Staudinger founded specific differences upon it. The yellow 
basal suffusion of the upper surface on the hindwings is also variable. It is sometimes scarcely recognizable, and again 
occurs in all intermediate stages, up to a distinct ochre-yellow region, extending to the anal ocellus. — In the 
local form appina Fruhst. from British New Guinea, this yellow basal suffusion is almost always present and some- appina. 
times spread over the entire basal half of the wing; it. also occasionally appears on the underside of the wing. 
This richer amount of yellow almost always goes hand in hand with more extensive black bordering on all wings, 
and is therefore an indication of melanotic tendency. Ground colour always white; fore wing with more 
or less broad costal border, in all shades from black to grey. Border of hindwings usually rather narrow, and al¬ 
most disappears in the albinotic extremes. Under surface as a rule darker, the distal border often extended 
nearly to the cell and also carried on into the anal angle. The butterfly is common, flies from October to June 
(Hagen). Larva short, processes on head short, red-brown, no dorsal black lines. — catops Westiv. the name catops. 
type, comes from Aru Island and is scarce in collections. It is an extremely pale form, pure white with fine 
smoke-grey costal border to the forewing, and in the $ enclosing a whitish costal streak; hindwings with a basal 
suffusion of delicate ochre-yellow, which slightly enters the cell, but does not go beyond the anal ocellus. Eye- 
spots showing through, rather orange-yellow with a blue centre to the iris. The black ring round the ocellus 
also showing through above. —- fulvida Btlr. from Misole Island, is distinguished by the extended basal yellow fulvida. 
on the hindwings, which passes beyond the cell and the anal ocellus, so that fulvida must be considered as by 
far the most luxuriantly coloured subspecies. Forewings in the bordered with dark grey, in the $ the apical 
marking is more than twice as broad and deep black. Hindwings in <$$ have besides this a pale mouse-grey 
submarginal zone. Under surface of <$<$ with a broad, in $$ with a rather narrower black distal border 
to all wings. On the hindwings the basal suffusion is repeated, but is here very considerably darker toned. 
— selenides Stgr. is another melanotic island race; forewing with whitish median area, broad apical and costal selenides. 
suffusion; hindwings chiefly whitish, with an extremely delicate yellowish tinge. Underside in both sexes 
more broadly black bordered than in fulvida, but with only slight subbasal ochre-yellow suffusion. Eye-spots 
relatively small, very distinctly black ringed. One $ has an asymetrical tendency to duplication of the anterior 
ocellus. Staudinger received from Dr. Platen about 30 specimens which all bore a prominent moon on the 
upper surface. I have one such $ only, sent to me by Waterstradt (= delunata form. nov.). Three out of delunata. 
8 $$ in my collection have a yellowish instead of whitish area on the inner half of the wings (= attina attina. 
form. nov. 101 a). — With laretta Fruhst. from Sorong (Dutch North-west New Guinea) we begin a series of laretta. 
races from the main island having a great resemblance to each other, which can be indeed easily separated 
by the eye, but whose subtile differences only become evident when examining large series. It is also far easier 
to recognize these differences by sight, than to describe them, laretta comes very close to fulvida, and has a more 
or less extended, almost orange yellow suffusion from the anal ocellus, which is almost always large and dark 
ochre-yellow, to the base of the hindwing. All wings are broadly bordered with grey-black on the upper surface. 
IX 
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