430 
AMATHUSIA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
bomeensis. borneensis Fruhst. remains rather behind schonbergi in size and shows more faded ochre-yellow markings Om the 
upper surface of the forewings, which are sometimes almost obsolete. The median band on the underside of 
the forewings is still more deeply indented than in schonbergi. From Bandermassin in coll. Fruhstorfer. 
A. ochraceofusca is held by Stichel to be only a seasonal form of the preceeding. The shorter hind- 
wings, the smaller size and the light brown, instead of black tufts on the hindwings appear to justify specific 
separation. The paler brown upper surface, the absence of all yellowish suffusion on the forewings and the 
more regular brown longitudinal bands on the underside all point in the same direction. There certainly do not 
ockraceo- apj)ear to be any other important differences. Two local races; ochraceofusca Hour, from Perak and Sumatra, 
tusca. w ) iere the species appears to be even rarer than the preceeding, since Martin mentions no properly identi- 
gabriela. fied specimen from the Sultanate Deli, and I have only 1 <$ from West Sumatra; — and gabriela Fruhst. 
(105c). A from South Borneo; considerably smaller and darker than specimens from Sumatra, which are 
probably similar to Honrath’s type from Perak. The ground colour on the upper surface of the wings is rather 
lighter coffee-brown than in perakana staudingeri Rob. The submarginal bands on both wings show through 
above. This band is narrow, sharply defined. There is no trace on the wings of the yellowish subapical oblique 
bar, which is still slightly indicated in ochraceofusca <$ from Sumatra. The scent tufts are basally (that is beneath) 
yellowish and light brown above, while in 2 schonbergi borneensis Fruhst. from south-east Borneo, they are 
almost to be called black. The light colour of the antennae recalls staudingeri Rob., whereas in schonbergi borneen¬ 
sis Fruhst. they are darker red-brown. South-east Borneo, 1 $ in coll. Fruhstorfer. 
A. perakana is another well defined species, although its specific status has been questioned. It is most 
easily separated by the hair tufts on the submedian on the upper side of the hindwings, which differ slightly 
in the individual geographical races. The name-type is strikingly large, the wings more pointed and narrower 
than in phidippus ; upper surface darker and more uniform brown, in the <$ with scarcely a trace of a yellowish 
anteterminal band. The anterior ocellus on the underside is much smaller than that in the posterior angle; 
there is also a tendency to the formation of accessory ocelli. The longitudinal streaks, which accompany the 
uniformly broad brown discal band on all the wings, are strikingly broad, white or brown-violet, perakana 
has a wider distribution than has hitherto been supposed, and I am able to add Java, Bawean and Lombok 
peralcana. as additional localities. — perakana Honr. (105 b), only known with certainty from the Malay Peninsula, 
but probably also occurring in North-east Sumatra, although I have as yet no authentic specimens from 
thence. The white striation of the underside is in reality more intense than in the figure, which was taken 
staudingeri. fron a A in which the anal lobes were wanting. -— staudingeri Rob. is a well defined subspecies, with light 
leather-brown colour on the upper surface, reduced size and at once recognized on the underside by the narrow 
yellowish, instead of white longitudinal streaks. Altogether the ground colour is more washed out, as is the 
character of the Borneo Amathusiae, the brown areae are paler and the eye-spots scarcely one third as large 
naiuna. as in perakana from the Malay Peninsula. Only known to me from South-east Borneo. —- natuna Fruhst. is 
about intermediate between perakana and staudingeri ; its size is little less than that of the name-type, and, 
in contrast to staudingeri, the underside is close to that of perakana , having distinct, almost pure white stripes, 
taenia, which are only distally slightly weaker. Natuna Island, rare, only 1 $ in coll. Fruhstorfer. -— taenia Fruhst. 
(105 a) has departed furthest from the type, almost to the borders of specific rank, first described by me as a 
species, but later unfortunately brought into connection with phidippus, from which the absence of the second 
inner scent tuft suffices to separate it. <$ hairtufts on the hindwings analogous to the ground colour, paler grey 
than in phidippus L. from Java. Both outer bands on the wings paler. In the $ the ultracelhdar yellowish 
spot (always reddish in phidippus ) is visibly continued as far as the lower median, and the median bands of the 
hind wings show through above. Under surface; the cell of the forewing is traversed by three very broad 
coffee-brown longitudinal stripes, whereas in phidippus there are four of a reddish colo'ur. The coffee-brown 
median band is broader than in phidippus and bounded on both sides by almost white Uripes. The external 
part of the forewing is very pale, the submarginal brown longitudinal line scarcely one third as broad as in 
phidippus. On the hindwings there are only two brown streaks in the cell, and the much broader median band is 
straighter and with a more rectilinear outline than in phidippus. The two ocelli are more distinctly centred, 
the anterior being strikingly small. The brown band in the cell is not confluent with the basal band below 
incisa. the cell as in phidippus. — incisa Fruhst., which I doubtfully placed to phidippus in 1905, shows the 
differential characters of taenia even more clearly. The underside is still paler, the brown median 
area deeply incised distally, almost as in ochraceofusca, on the hindwings dentate on the inner side also; the 
anterior apical ocelli on the hindwings tiny. The upper surface of incisa differs from taenia in the lighter and more 
extended grey-brown yellowish subapical mark and a feeble discal band, recalling dilutus §-fa. epidesma. Ba¬ 
wean Island, certainly very rare, only one $ having reached me among hundreds of A. phidippus baiveanica 
orasis. Fruhst. — orasis Fruhst. must be considered as a reversion towards the Perak type. The general colouring 
of the upper surface is darker red-brown than in perakana Honr. The under surface is somewhat similar to 
