DISCOPHORA. By H. Fruhstorfer 
443 
are somewhat considerably dimorphic, but the geographical variation only slight, in consequence of the constancy 
of the character of the markings on the surface. All the more astonishing is the great variation to which 
the organs of copulation are subject, and which has been dealt with in detail by Stichel. There is a slight 
tendency to individual aberration, and in the continental races seasonal forms occur. The larvae of two sub¬ 
species are known, they live on bamboos, where they rest by day in a nest constructed by spinning together 
three or four leaves. They attain a length of about two inches, have a blackish ground colour, sprinkled 
With grey, and a broad yellowish dorsal line. On each segment is a yellowish line and a red spot. Body covered 
with white hairs. Head and last segment are black, the former with a few straight yellow lines. The pupa 
is white at first, but becomes brown a few hours before emergence. Pupal rest three weeks. Copulation organs 
of the 3 similar to those of the celinde group, uncus more slender, uncus anticus of nearly the same shape, 
but considerably smaller. Harpe proximally broad shovel-shaped, suddenly constricted, and running out into 
a more or less curved style of uncertain length, with a strongly spinose, pointed, laterally directed apical 
knob. Scaphium short. Penis stout, slightly curved. As a rule the species inhabits lowland tracts covered 
with light undergrowth, but it has been noted that it goes up to about 2000 m in Tenasserim. Our figures 
show the continental (106 c) and the insular (106 a & b) extremes. In almost all the local races specimens 
occur, in which the blue spots on the upper surface of the forewing are wanting, or only slightly indicated (despo- despoliain. 
liata Stick.). The type of the name comes from southern China, and is probably identical with those from Hong¬ 
kong, from whence I received the figured specimens through Herr Prof. Seitz. -— tullia Cr. (106 c) differs from tullia. 
the southern form in the rounder shape of the wings, the rather bright delicate blue on the 33 mid the deep 
coloured but rather small spot on the upperside of the $$. Walker states, that tullia is not very common 
in Hongkong; it is usually seen there on shady paths. $$ almost commoner than 33 - Flies from end of 
December till the beginning of May. — hainanensis subsp. nov. may be here introduced as a well defined hainanensis. 
insular race; 3 with somewhat reduced blue suffusion on forewing. Under surface of both sexes much darkened. 
$ readily known by the entirely blue spots on the forewing, and the almost entirely obsolete ochre-yellow 
series of dots in the hindwing; Hainan, from 2 33 and 3 $$ in coll. Fruhstorfer. — A series of imper¬ 
fectly defined forms is here included under the name of tulliana Stick, the name of which is transferred to Ton- tiilliana. 
kin specimens, since the attempt of the author to withdraw the name tullia must be declined as inadmissible. 
tulliana denotes a race which diverges from the figured name-type in the almost obsolete spots on the forewings 
of the 33 and the darker blue and yellow markings on the $$. Examples from Burma and Tenaserim pro¬ 
bably belong to tulliana. — zal Westw. is the oldest name for the continental indian form preserved in Mu- zal. 
seums under the names of tullia and indica, and is founded on dry season specimens, whereas itldica Stgr. indica. 
denotes the wet season form. All the wings in zal are more richly sprinkled with yellow on the upper surface 
than in indica, which again can only be separated from tullia by the slightly greater size. -— Another, very 
interesting case of absence of colour is named spiloptera Nicev. and may be recognized at once by the ab- spilopiera. 
sence of all blue and whitish markings and the dominance of the yellow ochre area, spiloptera, is still very scarce; 
only few specimens are known, all taken in spring both in Sikkim and in Burma. —- muscina Stick, is descri- muscina. 
bed from a 3 form Karwar on the West coast of India; 3 irons, palpi and antennae whitish brown, latter distally 
darker, thorax and abdomen grey-brown above, whitish beneath. Ground colour grey-black with slight broAV- 
nish tinge, base and costa of forewings paler, ciliae whitish. Costa of forewing much arched, apex pointedly 
produced, distal margin shorter, inner margin very slightly concave. Beyond the cell, a little beyond the middle 
of the costa, an oblique bluish white twin-spot, filling the interspaces between the radials, beyond it three 
rows of spots. The proximal is formed of three small dull white indistinct spots placed obliquely toAvards 
the inner margin, the central row has three larger, illdefined bluish white spots, standing straight under one 
another, and the third, distal roAV had three obsolete whitish punctiform spots. HindAVing slightly Wavy bordered, 
without any noticeable angle at the median, but with very acute anal angle, costa and border slightly 
lighter, Avith the velvety scent spot peculiar to the group on the disc. This almost touches the loAVer radial, 
but is not so elongate as usually in tullia. Anteriorly on the inner margin is a bare spot, on which, in a small 
fold along the internal nervure, stands the AVell known, felted, pale yelloAV second scent spot. Underside yelloAV- 
ish, with a slight greenish tinge; the proximal half, separated by a dark line folloAVed by a paler, undefined 
band, is darker than the basal half, which appears almost whitish flesh-coloured on the costa of the fore- 
Aving. Forewings Avith three dark spots at the base of the cell, darker shading at its apex and an indistinct 
Ava\ r y darker band across the middle. Hindwings with a dark spot basally behind the radials, and two ocelli 
in the distal part, of which the upper is fairly distinct, the lower incompletely black ringed, both white centred. 
The entire underside with very fine irregular striation. Forewings 40 mm. — Larva rather different in colour 
from the above described larva of zal fa. indica Stgr., light brown-grey, with chocolate brown spots and rose 
coloured legs. The hairs on the body mouse-grey. In shape the larva resembles that of D. lepida Moore. It 
lives on bamboos. Pupa almost analogous to that of lepida, bone-white or greenish, according as it is formed 
among dead or green leaves. If it is green, there are yelloAV lines on the wingsheaths, but if yelloAV, it is dotted 
