DISCOPHORA. By H. Frut-i storfer. 
445 
do those of tullia sondaica Bsd. to those of tullia zal Weshc., the apical part of the harpe more slender, the 
form not unlike a boat-hook. Band on the forewings azure-blue, broader, distally strongly concave, absolutely 
continuous throughout. Underside like simplex, the tone of the ground colour bluish, with copper-red gloss. 
Expanse 43—46 mm. 
b) Uncus anticus with double point. 
D. lepida, originally described from southern India, sends out a branch into Ceylon, the differences 
of which have hitherto been overlooked. We have first lepida Moore (105 c) known from Canara, Travancore and lepida. 
Mysore, also in my collection from Karwar. Both sexes somewhat resemble the continentalis Stgr., but the dark 
velvet brown upper surface shows no blue iridescence. Forewing with three light blue transcellular spots, 
placed in a slightly oblique line, and a few indistinct anteterminal markings. $ with larger light blue spots, 
arranged somewhat as in continentalis $ and distinct on the upper surface of the hindwing also. There are two 
seasonal forms, that of the wet season being named significans Stick. Dry season specimens are more like ceylo- significans. 
nica subsp. nov. (106 d as lepida) figured from a specimen taken by Herrn Prof. Seitz in Ceylon. The south ceylonica. 
indian lepida of the dry season, has those markings on the forewing which are present, just as indistinct as in 
the figure of ceylonica-, it is somewhat rare, and especially the $$ scarcely ever reach our collections. The 
larva lives on bamboo, Dendrocalamus and other Gramineae, and was only discovered in 1896. It is cylindrical 
with a large head of greenish yellow colour; eyes black. Body brown, with a pure white broad dorsal band, 
which is accompanied by largish black spots. The whole creature is covered with long reddish or brown 
hairs, and has yellowish lateral marks on the posterior segments. Anal segment with long, but only slightly 
divergent appendages. Pupa with two elongate conical points, thorax convex and dorsally slightly indented, 
wingsheaths rather flat, abdomen strongly arched. The colour is translucent, yellow with a dorsal line and the 
veins of the wings delicate flesh colour. — ceylonica Fruhst. (S) is one of the rarest butterflies of Ceylon, 
where it seems to occur only in the jungle on the alluvial flats near Galle. In the $ the bluish white subapical 
bar on the forewings is broken up into spots even before the anterior median, whereas in lepida, it remains com¬ 
plete as far as the posterior median. Idle copulative organs show a slightly curvate scaphium and a constricted 
valve with distinctly defined inflated apex. 
D. continentalis spreads from Sikkim and Assam to Tonkin, and from the Malay Peninsula to Annam, 
with an offshoot on the Andamans. The species has been much confused with the very similar celinde Stoll, 
from which it may be distinguished externally by a small yellowish scent patch in a bare space on the in¬ 
ternal nervure of the hind wing, and morphologically by the distally much broadened valve, which is spatulate 
instead of apically pointed. $ very like celinde (106 b) but with more obsolete subapical and submarginal 
markings on the forewings. $ easily known by the more compact ochre-yellow area and more prominent 
submarginal spots. Several local races, of which continentalis Stgr. is not uncommon in the lower valleys of Sik- conlinen- 
kim, and flies during the warm season; the freshly killed are remarkable for their splendid indigo-blue /al,s - 
iridescence, which soon fades after death. The d'rj' emit a strong and unpleasant scent. — semineclio Stick, seminecho. 
; differs from the typical continentalis in a curved series of dull yellow, slightly connected crescentic or wedge 
shaped spots which runs from the costal spot beyond the cell, thus forming a submarginal or ultracellular 
band, having exactly the same form as in necko Fldr. from Java, only that here it is bluish. The specimens 
taken by me in Tonkin, Than-Moi June, July and in Annam, November, December, in the rainy season are smal¬ 
ler than the north indian; the $$ have a much narrower bright yellow band on the forewings and narrower 
ochre coloured distal margin. The underside of the must be described as more variegated, that of the $$ 
as darker, more red-brown instead of yellow or ochre. These continentalis, which probably occur in the 
like form in Upper Burma and Tenasserim, appear to lead on to perakensis Stick, of which only one <J from peralcemis. 
the Malay Peninsula is definitely known, having whitish in place of ochre-yellow submarginal markings. The 
(JcJ are said to be very common in Bhamo during the Rains on damp spots in the roads, whereas the never 
leave the dense undergrowth of the woods, but are easily taken there. Moore mentions specimens of conti¬ 
nentalis from the Mergui Archipelago. — andamensis Stgr. is still very scarce in continental collections and andamensis. 
there appear to be only three in the Tring Museum. As might be expected, andamensis is a darkened 
insular variety of the continental form; the still bear traces of a former yellow marking, and the un¬ 
derside is very dull, with only slightly prominent striation. $$ not yet described. Andamans, possibly 
also Nicobars. 
D. celinde is a common Java butterfly, which has extended eastwards to Lombok, and is reported 
also from Kangean Island by Snellen. Two races have been described; celinde Stoll. (106 b) the larva of which celinde. 
