458 
ERGOLIS. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
In the the yellow area extends to the costa of the fore wings. According to Semper taeniata occurs more in 
the mountains than in the plains and is only known from Luzon and the Babuyanes. Flies from April to No- 
adelpha. vember. — adelpha Fldr. is the melanotic extreme from the Southern Philippines. The yellow zone of the $ 
much narrower, merging in front into the dark brown ground colour and hardly half as broad on the hindwings. 
In the $ in place of the yellow area of the uppersides, appears an irregular paler region, grey in front, 
greenish yellow behind. The central band of the hindwings is continued to the costal margin. Hitherto known 
from Northwest and South Mindanao, figured by Semper from Bohol. 
d) Speculum of the hindwing-uppersides as in C., the androconia-spot of the forewing-uppersides reduced, sometimes 
present only as a narrow streak along the lower wall of the cell. 
E. specularia has the same wing shape as E. merione the markings of the upperside harmonize more 
with thsoe of ariadne, but on the uppersides the white apical spot is missing. The relationship with the obscura 
group is proved by the smooth large glittering mirror extending to the foremost median vein, from which 
however specularia differs in the abortive velvety spot of the hindwing undersides. Base of wings flushed with 
brown-red, the outer portion always paler. The analogy of the markings might also lead one to regard 
specularia as an extreme dry-seasonal form of ariadne ; but specimens of the rainless period are long known 
from Sikkim and Java, which do not exhibit such tertiary sexual changes, as we find to be the case with 
area, specularia. — area Fruhst. was observed by me in Siam at an elevation of about 300 m in January. They 
differ from typical specularia from West-Java in the more sharply pointed apical portion of the forewings, 
the larger size and the somewhat lighter yellow-brown ground-colour. The scent glands of the hindwings 
are more heavily clothed with reddish grey scales. Discal bands of all wings somewhat heavier. The submar¬ 
ginal zone within the black ziczac bands of the hindwing undersides reddish instead of grey. The discal bands 
specularia. are more sharply bordered with black and darker brown. Forewing 38 mm. — specularia Fruhst. (107 b misprinted 
as specularis ) is immediately recognizable by the beautiful pale yellow submarginal zone, especially of the 
hindwings. The $ has more sharply defined and heavier black lines on all wings. In the discal area of the 
forewings a dark brown, black scaled patch is to be found. The basal area of the forewings is also duller 
brown than in the male and contrasts strongly with the light yellow-brown marginal zone. The undersides 
remind one of ariadne, the brown bands being paler and bounded on the inside with straight hardly waved 
black lines and the grey dusting is much lighter. The praediscal, that is to say counting from the base the 
second redbrown band is much more sharply angled, above much broader redbroAvn than towards the anal 
angle, whereas in ariadne it is equal throughout. East and West Java up to 700 m elevation, very rare especially 
the $. Three Southeast Borneo specimens in my collection can scarcely be separated from Javanese specularia. 
The species will most probably be found to occur on Sumatra and the Malay Peninsular. From Micromalayana 
intermedia, a local race is already known intermedia Fruhst. which bears a resemblance to the Moluccan C. obscura through 
the dark redbrown colour of the uppersides; intermedia is habitually smaller than specularia and is characte¬ 
rised on the underside by the reduction of the androconia spot of the forewings to a small spot. Alor; Time 
of appearance March; West-Sumbawa. 
timora. E. timora Wall, a hitherto unrecognized species which has frequently been held to be a race of 
E. ariadne. The authors description is also somewhat short, but the diagnosis; “Upperside beautiful orange 
redbrown, the outer border and base darker, traversed by one wavy line, apical portion projecting but without 
white spot and the darker outer margin bordered by a submarginal wavy line; underside rich brown, the basal 
half concentrically spotted with dull white bands, which are repeated as streaks along the terminal border, 
apex with a white spot as in ariadne ” leaves no doubt, that Wallace had a species nearly related to dongalae 
phemonoe. Fruhst. (107 b) before him. Home Timor. —- phemonoe Fruhst. is a paler island race with beautiful pale yel¬ 
low uppersides, redbrown basal and terminal portions to all wings, that are more richly dusted with red than 
dongalae (107 b). Island of Wetter. Flies in May, discovered by Doherty in 1892. 
dongalae. E. dongalae Fruhst. (107 b misprinted as dongalae) is larger than phemonoe-, darker above. The specu¬ 
lum of the Hindwing-uppersides lightly scaled with red. Underside with white apical spot nearly obsolete, 
light brown. Hindwings with grey-brown basal and whitish grey distal half, with narrow redbrown bands. 
$ beneath entirely whitish yellow with redbrown bands and spots. On the upperside the $ also bears a fine 
black median line on the hindwings which is absent in the <J. Dongola (Central Celebes), August and Septem¬ 
ber, discovered by W. Doherty and in Kendari (East Celebes) by H. Kuhn. E. dongalae belong to those Cele- 
bean species, whose origin must be sought in the West Malayan Region and who have emigrated by means of 
the Flores bridge. If intermediate forms are found (Soleyer, Tanah-Dampea) dongolae must be united to timora. 
