LARINGA. By H. Fruhstorfer. 
459 
e) Forewing undersides with velvety nerve scent streaks on all veins. Costal and hindmargin of hindwings also co¬ 
vered with modified scales, as is also the rear portion of the cell of the forewings; a character otherwise unknown among the 
Nymphalidae. 
E. isaeus. Uppersides could be easily mistaken for E. merione Cr., but the transverse bands are straighter 
and in the median portion of the wings further apart and in both sexes the apical white spot is absent. 
Undersides uniform greybrown with distinct isolated wavy bands. Hindmargin almost black, according to 
the local race more or less extended, but broadest in the Javanese race, isaeus Wall., described from the Malay isaeus. 
Peninsular and Sumatra differs in colour most probably according to the time of year. 4 E<$ apjiear mostly 
redbrown, a pair more yellowish brown. I only possess the $ from Northeast Sumatra; it differs on the under¬ 
side from the E in the yellowish grey colour, from which the delicately black bordered reddish grey transverse 
bands stand out. Larva on a creeping strongly stinging creaper (Tragia sp.); rare, only in woods. Also from 
the P adang - Bo venland West Sumatra in the Fruhstorfer collection. According to Niceville once found in 
Burmah, but this locality is not confirmed by Bingham and is doubtful, as Niceville was not able to di¬ 
stinguish the four Indian-Macromalayan species. I possess however an undoubted E from Pontianak 
West Borneo. -—- lysias Fruhst. inhabits Java, where it is very rare, although it occurs all over the island. E lysius. 
somewhat paler, more grey than redbrown in comparison with Perak and Sumatra specimens with a more 
yellowish median zone. $ upperside smoky grey, transverse bands grey brown without any mixture of red. 
Undersides paler, with grey instead of redbrown intranerval streaks on the forewings, hindwings as above 
indicated with much broader marginal zone of modified scales, $ darker, more grey than yellow with more 
extended transverse bands than Sumatra $$. -— pupillata Fruhst. ist furthest removed from the type form pupillata. 
and is the most distinctly differentiated island-race. Uppersides with distinctly contrasting transverse zones; 
Basal and distal portion brown, with a yellow median area, hindwings crossed by heavy black bands. Underside 
remarkable on account of a series of pale brown pearlnecklace-like rows of submarginal spots on the forewings, 
hindwings reddish grey with almost black submarginal markings and darkbrown bands which are much more 
prominent than in the Javanese and Sumatran isaeus forms. Island Nias very rare. 
2. Genus: Lari ii^i Moore. 
In 1901 Moore separated the two Indian species from the African Genus Eurytela on account of the 
naked instead of hairy eyes, the heteromorphism of the sexes and the different design in markings. There 
are however slight structural differences, for instance in both wings of Laringa the reduction of the front 
discocellular vein, the apparently closed cell of the hindwing present in Laringa but absent in Eurytela. 
Differential characters can also be established in comparison with Ergolis in the shorter front discocellular vein 
of the hindwings, which more especially in E. ariadne is fairly long. Forewings with angled tips to wings. Costal 
vein fairly swollen at the base. Subcostal vein with five branches, 2 before the end of cell, nervure 3 nearer 
to 4 than the latter, nervures 4 and 5 forming a short fork ending below tip of wing. Upper discocel¬ 
lular vein very small, almost abortive; middle short, bent; lower very fine, straight meeting the median 
vein at the 2nd branch. Hindwings with praecostal vein devided. Cell closed by at fine lower discocellular 
vein, which meets the median vein at the base of the 2nd nervure. The larva will probably have two long 
head horns similar to the African races and the pupa sharply angled, holloived out of green colour and covered 
with black markings. The two Indian species are widely seperated in their colour scheme and the same is the 
case with their greographical distribution. They are exceedingly rare, the femalis of several races being 
entirely unknown. It is said that the E<$ are to be found on sandy places of woodland streams. Their flight 
is exactly the same as that of Ergolis and they love to sit quietly for a long time with closed wings on the 
uppersides of leaves on the borders of woods. 
E. horsfieldi the first described species is at the same time the most widely distributed and one 
meets with it in Burmah, Andamans and Macromalayaua. E upperside predominently grey blue with dark 
leaden grey or blue patches, which are bordered by black median and submarginal bands. Underside grey 
with blackish lines and scale conglomerations. $ according to the locality paler or darker yellow with reddish 
patches and lines. Underside always paler, more yellowish, with more delicate black markings than the EE- 
The E resembles somewhat. Erg. ariadne or if one will, the small yellow Neptis species. On the Andamans 
the influence of the dry season is distinctly observable. -—• glaucescens Nicev. is the darkest of the known glaucescens. 
races; E brown violet with relatively narrow blue grey median area to all wings. $ dark yellow dusted with 
black. Underside of E blue grey with blown. $ more yellowish with reddish short streaks. Type from the 
Karen Hills from about 2500 ft. elevation, otherwise every-where in Upper Burmah and Tenasserim from 
October to March but always extremely rare. *-— andamanensis Nicev. is a brighter coloured island race, anda- 
is less rare, both sexes closely resembling the figured velitra (107 d), but somewhat larger than the Macroma- llianenSlS - 
layan varieties; E more richly covered with black than velitra, ^ with redbrown uppersides, which are covered 
